بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم دوسية اللغة اإلنجليزية الفروع المهنية Action Pack 12 Artificial Streams 2020 بدارين Unit Four : Success Stories The

النسخ

1 بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم دوسية اللغة اإلنجليزية الفروع المهنية Action Pack 12 Artificial Streams 2020 بدارين Unit Four : Success Stories The importance of Islamic achievements Masdar City A positive Step A founding father of farming Unit Nine : The world of business Doing Business in China Our country's imports and exports How to make a Sales Pitch Unit Ten : Career Choices My job as an interpreter Stepping into the world of business الوحدة الرابعة : قصص نجاح اهمية االنجازات االسالمية مدينة مصدر خطوة ايجابية مؤسس علم الزراعة الوحدة التاسعة : عالم االعمال القيام باألعمال في الصين صادرات و واردات بلدنا كيف تقوم بعملية تسويق سلعة الوحدة العاشرة : خيارات المهن عملي كمترجمة فورية الدخول الى عالم االعمال متوفرة في مكتبة أحمد أخوان بفروعها الفرع األول : مقابل سوبر ماركت أبو جمال هاتف محمود الفرع الثاني : مقابل حلويات القصر الشرقي هاتف أحمد 1

2 Unit Four : Success Stories الوحدة الرابعة : قصص نجاح أهمية االنجازات االسالمية في التاريخ Student Book (P.28 ) The importance of Islamic achievements in history word English Arabic 1 arithmetic مرتبط concerned الرياضيات mathematics من of فرع the branch الحساب الحسابات calculations الرقمية numerical ب with االرقام of numbers دراسة the study 2 algebra يتم are الرموز symbols و and األحرف letters حيث where نظام system الجبر االرقام numbers تعب ر عن represent كي to استخدامها used 3 geometry مرتبط / يهتم concerned الرياضيات mathematics من of فرع the branch الهندسة االحتماالت the properties ب with 4 mathematician الرياضيات Mathematics يدرس studies الذي who الشخص a person عالم رياضيات 5 philosopher الفلسفة philosophy يدرس studies الذي who الشخص someone فيلسوف 6 physician الطب medicine لممارسة to practise مؤه ل qualified شخص someone طبيب 7 polymath من of الكثير a lot لديه has الذي who الشخص someone مواضيع subjects عد ة many في in خبير / expert المعرفة knowledge خبير / مثقف موسوعة 8 founder جديد new شيء ما something يبدأ starts الذي who الشخص someone مؤسس 9 scales الوزن weight لقياس to measure أداة / جهاز instrument ميزان 10 laboratory التجارب experiments العلمية for scientific غرفة room مختبر 11 talent قدرة ability خاص ة special موهوب 12 musical الموسيقى music في in صوت sound جميل a pleasant عزف موسيقي harmony 13 composition شخص someone التي that موسيقية of music قطعة a piece كتبها has written مقطوعة موسيقية 14 revolutionised الطريقة the way يغي ر change بشكل كامل to completely احدث ثورة 15 inheritance شخص someone من from تحصل عليه you get الذي that المال money الناس people الذي / what ميراث / legacy موتهم they die بعد after الموت death بعد after يتركونه leave ميراث / تركة 16 مبتكر / innovative جديد ground-breaking new مبتكر / مذهل Jabir ibn Hayyan : (born 722 CE, died 815 CE) جابر إبن حي ان : (ولد عام 722 م مات 815 م) العالم العربي فيه العديد م ن الكيميائين المشهورين في history, The Arab world has many 1 famous chemists in its 2 تاريخ ه لكن على األرجح فإن الشخص المعروف بأنه but the person who 3 is known as the founder of chemistry is مؤسس الكيمياء هو جابر إبن حي ان. الذي إشتهر ب داية probably Jabir ibn Hayyan. He 4 is most well known for the في إنتاج حامض الكبريتيك. كما ب نى أيضا مجموعة beginning of the production of sulphuric acid. He 5 also built من الموازين التي غي ر ت الطريقة التي يقوم a set of scales which 6 changed the way in which 7 chemists الكيميائيون من خاللها بوزن المواد في المختبر: weighed items in a laboratory: his 8 scales could weigh items over 6,000 times smaller than a kilogram. ميزانه ي م ك ن أ ن ي زن المواد أصغر ب 6,000 مرة م ن الكيلوغرام. 1. Ibn Hayyan has many great achievements. Write down two of these achievements. ابن حي ان لديه العديد من االنجازات المشهورة. اكتب اثنين من هذه االنجازات... ما هي الميزة الرئيسية للموازين التي بناها scales? 2. What is the main advantage of his.. 3. Quote the sentence which shows that Ibn Hayyan was the first who invented sulphuric acid. اقتبس الجملة التي تظهر بأن ابن حي ان كان اول من اخترع حمض الكبريتيك.. 2

3 Ali ibn Nafi (Ziryab): (born 789 CE, died 857 CE) Ali ibn Nafi is also known as Ziryab (or Blackbird, because of his 9 beautiful voice). He 10 was a gifted pupil of a famous musician from Baghdad, and it 11 was his 12 talent for music that led him 13 to Cordoba in the ninth century CE. He 14 was the guest of the Umayyad ruler there. He 15 is the person who 16 established the first music school in the world in Cordoba, Al-Andalus, teaching musical harmony and composition. He 16 revolutionised musical theory, and is also the person who introduced the oud to Europe. علي إبن نافع ( زرياب ) : ( ولد عام 789 م مات عام 857 م ) علي إبن نافع المعروف كذلك ب ' زرياب ' )أ و 'الشحرور' بسبب صوت ه الجميل (. ك ان طالبا موهوبا لموسيقار مشهور م ن بغداد ولقد قدته موهبت ه الموسيقية إلى قرطبة في القرن التاسع الميالدي. ولقد ك ان ضيف الخليفة األموي هناك, ابن نافع هو الشخص الذي أ س س مدرسة الموسيقى األولى في العالم في قرطبة األندلس. لقد كان ي عل م التأليف والعزف الموسيقي. ولقد أحدث ثورة في عالم الموسيقى, أيضا ابن نافع هو الشخص الذي أدخل العود إلى أوروبا. لماذا كان يسمى علي بن نافع بالشحرور Blackbird? 4. Why was Ali ibn Nafi' called.. اذكر ثالثة من انجازاته? achievements 5. Write down three of his... فاطمة الفهري : ( ولدت في أوائ ل القرن التاسع CE) Fatima al-fihri : (born early 9 th century, died 880 Fatima al-fihri was the daughter of a wealthy businessman. مات ت 880 م( فاطمة الفهري ك ان بنت رجل أعمال غني. إستعملت She 17 used her 18 father s inheritance to build a learning centre ميراث أب يها لب ناء مركز للتعليم في فاس المغرب. in Fez, Morocco. This 19 learning centre became Morocco s أصبح مركز الت ع ل م هذا جامعة المغرب االولى حيث top university, and it 20 is where 21 many 22 students from all يتوافد اليه العديد م ن الطالب م ن جميع أنحاء العالم over the world come to study. Moreover, it 23 was Fatima s للد راس ة. عالوة على ذلك لقد ك ان ت أخت فاطمة sister, Mariam, who 24 supervised the building of the Andalus مريم هي التي أشرفت على بناء مسجد األندلس centre. Mosque, which 25 was not far from the learning الذي لم يكن بعيدا عن مركز الت ع ل م. 6. How did Fatima use her father's inheritance? كيف استخدمت فاطمة ميراث والدها.. 7. Quote the sentence which shows that students from all over the world came to study at the centre. اقتبس الجملة التي تظهر بأن الطالب من كل انحاء العالم كانوا يأتون للمركز من أجل الدراسة..... Al-Kindi (born around : 801 CE, died 873 CE) الكندي )ولد تقريبا عام 801 م مات 873 م ) كان الكندي طبيبا وفيلسوفا وعالم رياضيات وصيدلي mathematician, Al-Kindi was a physician, philosopher, وموسيقار وفلكي لقد كان مثقفا حقيقيا. لقد قام chemist, musician and astronomer a true polymath. He 26 بإكتشافات رائدة في العديد م ن هذه الحقول والميادين fields, made ground-breaking discoveries in many of these 27 ل كن من المحتمل أن أعمال ه في الحساب والهندسة but it 28 is probably his 29 work in arithmetic and geometry that has made him 30 most famous. هي التي ج علته أك ث ر ش ه ر ة. 8. Al-Kindi was a true polymath. Write down three of his areas of knowledge. الكندي كان موسوعة. اكتب ثالثة من مجاالت معرفته Al-Kindi was famous mainly in two specific areas. Write them down. الكندي كان مشهورا في مجالين بشكل خاص. اكتبهما... Critical Thinking Do you think that it was easier or more difficult in those days to reach such high levels of achievement in comparison with the present day? Give two / three reasons for your opinion. هل تعتقد أنه كان من الصعب او انه كان اكثر سهولة في تلك االيام الوصول الى هذه المستويات العالية من المعرفة. اعط سببين او ثالثة اسباب لرأيك... 3

4 الضمائر العائدة في النص Word Refers to Word Refers to many 1 famous chemists it 11 his talent for music where 21 University / learning centre its 2 The Arab world his 12 Ali ibn Nafi many 22 students who 3 the person him 13 Ali ibn Nafi it 23 supervising the building He 4 Jabir ibn Hayyan He 14 Ali ibn Nafi who 24 Mariam He 5 Jabir ibn Hayyan He 15 Ali ibn Nafi which 25 the Andalus Mosque which 6 a set of scales who 16 the person He 26 Al-Kindi which 7 chemists She 17 Fatima al-fihri these 27 fields his 8 Jabir ibn Hayyan her 18 Fatima al-fihri it 28 being famous his 9 Ali ibn Nafi This 19 learning centre his 29 Al-Kindi He 10 Ali ibn Nafi it 20 university / learning centre him 30 Al-Kindi Student Book ( P.29 / Ex. 10 ) write a summary paragraph of 80 words about someone from the past who made an important achievement. Write what it is that made them famous. اكتب فقرة من حوالي 80 كلمة حول شخص من الماضي و الذي كانت له انجازات مهمة. اكتب ما الذي جعله مشهورا S.B ( P.30 / EX ) Word Meaning 1 coffee قهوة 2 chess شطرنج 3 flying طيران 4 clock ساعة 5 windmills طاحونة 6 algebra علم الجبر 7 soap صابونة 8 fountain pen قلم حبر 9 crystal glasses نظارات زجاجية 10 inoculation تلقيح 11 cheques شيك 12 carpets سجاد 4

5 S.B ( P. 32 ) / Masdar City a positive step? مدينة المصدر خطوة ايجابية المفردات المهمة في النص word English Arabic 1 Megaprojects مشروع, project باهض expensive,كبير large جدا a very مشروع ضخم 2 vary يختلف to differ يختلف 3 outweigh شيء something من than اهمية important اكثر more يكون to be يفوق 4 zero-waste تحتوي على / having نفايات waste ال تنتج Producing no صفر نفايات اعادة استخدامها be reused يمكن can التي that اجزاء parts 5 sustainability لألبد forever االستمرار continue قادر على able to االستمرارية 6 artificially-created من of مصنوعا made ليس / not حقيقي real غير not صناعي اشياء things طبيعية natural 7 grid االسالك wires من of نظام a system شبكة 8 desalination ماء water البحر sea من from الملح salt ازالة removing تحلية المياه 9 criticise يحل ل / analyse يق يم / to evaluate يحكم to judge ينتقد 10 carbon-neutral من of الكمية amount الكل ية the total يؤثر على affecting ال not الغالف الجوي atmosphere في in اكسيد dioxide الكربون carbon محايد للكربون المشاريع العمالقة عبارة عن مشاريع ذات استثمار كبير جدا Megaprojects are extremely large investment, التي ت صم م لت شجيع النمو االقتصادي وتج لب العديد من projects, which 1 are designed to encourage economic المنافع الجديدة إلى الم دن. بالرغم من أن المشاريع العمالقة growth and bring new benefits to cities. Although تتفاوت من ناحية الحجم و التكلفة فجميعها من حيث megaprojects vary in terms of size and cost, they 2 are المفهوم غالية الثمن مشاريع عامة تجلب مستوى عالي all, by definition, expensive, public projects that م ن االهتمام و التغطية اإلعالمية. ت تراوح المشاريع م ن coverage. attract a high level of interest and media الط رق السريعة المطارات المحطات األنفاق الجسور stations, Projects range from motorways, airports, tunnels, bridges, etc. to entire city complexes. الخ. إلى كل المجمعات السكنية للمدين ة. هناك سببين للمشارع الكبيرة. اذكرهما. down. 1. There are two reasons for megaprojects. Write them... اذكر ثالثة امثلة على المشاريع العمالقة. three. 2. There are many examples of megaprojects. Mention.. إن مفهوم المشاريع العمالقة دائما مستند على The concept of a megaproject is always based on the المنافع التي ت ج لب ها للمجتمع. على أية حال benefits it 3 brings to a community. However, many 4 تعرضت الكثير من المشاريع العمالقة للنقد بسبب megaprojects have been criticised because of their 5 negative تأثيراتها السلبية على المجتمع أ و البيئة. ستبحث effects on a community or the environment. This 6 essay will هذه المقالة في هذه القضايا فيما يتعلق بمدينة look at these 7 issues with regard to Masdar City, a megaproject in Abu Dhabi. المصدر في أبو ظبي. لماذا تعرضت المشاريع الكبيرة للنقد? critisied 3. Why have megaprojects been مدينة المصدر التي ب دأ تطوير ها في 2006 م س يتكون Masdar City, which 8 began its 9 development in 2006 المدينة المحايدة للكربون األولى في العالم المدينة CE, will be the world s first carbon-neutral, zero-waste تستخدم صفر النفايات بشكل اصطناعي. تغطي المنطقة artificially-created city. Covering an area of six square مساحة ست ة كيلومترات مرب عة عندما يكتمل في عام kilometres, when it 10 is completed in 2025 CE, it 11 is 2025 م من المتوق ع أن يس كنها أكثر م ن residents, 50,000 40,000 expected to house more than 40,000 نسمة 50,000 مسافر و 1,500 عمل تجاري التي commuters, and 1,500 businesses involved in mainly environmentally-friendly products. تستخدم م نت جات مالئمة للبيئة بشكل رئيسي. اكتب ثالث منافع لمدينة مصدر. city. 4. Write down three advantages of Masdar. 5

6 sources. The city will run entirely on renewable energy على باالعتماد سيتم تشغيل وادارة المدينة بشكل كامل It 12 is built on an advanced energy grid which 13 مصادر الطاقة المتجد دة. فهي مبنية على شبكة طاقة متقد مة التي تراقب بالضبط ك م من الكهرباء يتم استعمالها monitors exactly how much electricity is being used by من قبل ك ل مخرج في ال مجمع. عالوة على ذلك لكي ت خف ض every outlet in the complex. Furthermore, in order to reduce its 14 carbon footprint, Masdar City will be a car- السيارات صم م ت ل كي تك ون منطقة مناسبة للمشاة و cycle-friendly. free zone, designed to be pedestrian and من أثر الكربون المدينة س ت ك و ن منطقة خالية من إلعادة ال تدوير., السيارات الكهربائية اآللية ذاتية القيادة Electric, driverless cars will operate as public transport vehicles, and the city will be connected to other locations by a network of roads and railways. سوف تستخدم كوسائط للنقل العام والمدينة س ت ك ون م رت ب طة مع المواقع األخرى م ن خالل شبكة الطرق والسك ك الحديدية. 5. Quote the sentence which shows the benefit of the advanced energy grid. اقتبس الجملة التي تظهر منفعة / فائدة شبكة الطاقة المتقدمة The city follows many steps to reduce its carbon footprint. Write down three of these steps. المدينة ستتبع عدة خطوات للتقليل من اثار الكربون. اكتب ثالثة من هذه الخطوات. Energy will be provided by solar power and wind سيتم تزويد المدينة بالطاقة بواسطة الطاقة الشمسي ة و طاقة الرياح, وهناك أيضا خطط لب ناء أكبر مصنع هيدروجي ن في farms, and there are also plans to build the world's العالم. وحدة تكرير وتحلية مياه البحر س ت ستخدم لت زويد largest hydrogen plant. A desalination plant will be المدينة بالما ء م ع احتمالية اعادة تدوير واستخدام % 80 used used to provide the city's water, with 80% of water م ن الما ء المستعم ل. سوف يتم استخدام النفايات الحيوية being recycled. Biological waste will be used as an كمصدر للطاق ة أيضا سيتم كذلك تدوير النفايات الصناعية. recycled. energy source too, and industrial waste will be 7. Energy will be provided by many sources. Write down three of these sources. المدينة سوف يتم تزويدها بالطاقة من خالل العديد من مصادر الطاقة. اذكر ثالثة من هذه المصادر Quote the sentence which shows that Biological waste will be used as an energy source. اقتبس الجملة التي تظهر أن النفايات الحيوية سوف تستخدم كمصدر للطاقة في المدينة... The current residents of Masdar City are all students at the Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, a university whose students are fully committed to finding solutions to إن جميع السك ان الحاليين لمدينة المصدر جميعهم من الطالب في معهد المصدر للعلوم والتكنولوجيا, وهي جامعة يلتزم كل طالبها بإيجاد الحلول لمشاكل الطاقة the world s energy problems. While the project has the بينما يحظى المشروع بدعم العديد من في العالم. support of many global, environmental and conservation organisations, there is some criticism of it 15. It 16 is felt that, المنظمات والمؤسسات العالمية لحماية البيئة هناك بعض النقد لهذه المؤسسة. فبدال من بناء مدينة صناعية instead of building an artificial sustainable city, يجب أن تعطى للمدن االستمرارية فإن أولوية sustainability should be made a priority of existing cities. الموجودة. 9. The project of Masdar city has been criicised for one reason. Write it down. مشروع مدينة مصدر تم نقده لسبب واحد. اذكر هذا السبب...? university 10. What is the goal of the students at the ما هو هدف طالب جامعة مصدر للعلوم والتكنولوجيا... In conclusion, the benefits of Masdar City for the فإن منافع مدينة مصدر لكل من المجتمع نتيجة لذلك community and the environment greatly outweigh any والبيئة تفوق أي مساوئ. و إذا تم بلوغ األهداف التي realised, disadvantages. If the aims of the developers are بصمة يسعى لها المطو رون فإن المدينة س ت ك ون Masdar City will be a blueprint for future urban planning that will inspire similar megaprojects in other countries. واضحة في مستقبل التخطيط الحضري األمر الذي سوف ي لهم العديد من المشاريع الكبيرة في البلدان األخرى. 11. How will the city be a blue print for the future of urban planning? كيف ستكون المدينة بصمة واضحة في مستقبل تطوير المدن. 6

7 العائد في النص Word Refers to Word Refers to which 1 projects / megaprojects its 9 Masdar City they 2 megaprojects it 10 Masdar City it 3 megaproject it 11 Masdar City many 4 megaprojects It 12 The city their 5 megaprojects which 13 energy grid This 6 essay its 14 The city these 7 issues it 15 criticism which 8 Masdar City It 16 the project Student Book ( P.32 / Ex.1 ) 1 What do you understand, after looking at the photographs, about megaprojects? 2 In your opinion, why do they exist? 3 What are the advantages and disadvantages of megaprojects to people and the environment? Suggested answers 1 Megaprojects are huge investment projects that cost a lot of money. Examples include developments such as airports, bridges, stations, entire city complexes, etc. 2 They exist to bring new economic growth and benefits to cities. 3 Disadvantages are that they are all brand new and some people think it would be better to spend the money on regenerating old towns, etc. However, the advantages include installing the latest technology that helps cities to become environmentally friendly. Student Book ( P.33 / Ex.3 ) اجب عن االسئلة التالية. questions. 3 Read the essay on page 32 again and answer the 1 What examples of megaprojects are provided in the essay? ما هي االمثلة على المشاريع العمالقة الموجودة في النص 2 What are the advantages of the creation of Masdar City? What are the disadvantages? ما هي حسنات / مزايا مدينة مصدر ما هي المساوئ / السلبيات 3 Do you think that Masdar City is a beneficial project or not? Give your reasons. هل تعتقد بأن مشروع مدينة مصدر مشروع نافع أم ال اعط اسبابا لجوابك Answers 1 Examples of projects include motorways, airports, stations, tunnels, bridges and entire city complexes. 2 The advantages include the fact that it will be the world s first carbon-neutral, zero-waste city. It will also be a car-free zone, although there will be excellent public transport. The disadvantage is that existing cities are nowhere near as environmentally clean, and many people think the money should have been spent on cleaning up existing places and making them more sustainable. تفكير ناقد Do you think that a similar project to Masdar City would be successful in Jordan? What advantages and disadvantages can you think of? هل تعتقد أن مشروع كمدينة مصدر فد يكون نافعا في االردن ما هي الحسنات و المساوئ التي قد تفكر بها... 8 Write a summary of the article about Masdar City on page 32. Remember to be concise and write between 100 and 150 words. اكتب ملخص لمشروع مدينة مصدر.. 7

8 مؤسس علم الزراعة Activity Book ( P..22 ) A founding father of farming معاني المفردات المهمة في النص word English Arabic 1 botany النباتات of plants دراسة the study علم النبات 2 irrigate بالماء with water االرض land يزو د supply يسقي 3 fertile land منتجة productive زراعيا agriculturally ارض خصبة 4 legacy / inheritance الموت death بعد after يتركه leaves الشخص someone ما What ميراث Ibn Bassal was a writer, a scientist and an engineer who ابن بص ال ك ان كاتبا, عالما ومهندسا عاش في األندلس في القرن الحادي عشر للميالد. و لقد ع مل في lived in Al-Andalus in the eleventh century CE. He worked بالط المأمون )1( الذي ك ان ملك طليطله. لقد كان in the court of Al-Ma'mun, (1) who was the king of الشغف األكبر إلبن بص ال هو ع ل م النبات ) 2 (وهو العلم Toledo. His great passions were botany, (2) which is the الذي يعنى بدراسة النباتات و الزراعة. بالرغم من أن ه study of plants, and agriculture. Although he was a great scholar, he was also a practical man and all of his writing came from his own " hands-on" experience of working the land. ك ان باحثا عظيما فقد كان أيضا رجال عمليا وك ل كتاباته جاء ت م ن تجربت ه "الشخصية " الخاصة في الع م ل باألرض. اعط ثالث امثلة تدل ان ابن بص ال مثقف. polymath. 1. Write three examples shows that Ibn Bassal was a... knowledge? 2. From where did he get his من اين حصل ابن بص ال على معرفته... One of the many things which Ibn Bassal achieved was A احد األشياء العديدة التي أنجز ها ابن بص ال ك ان Book of Agriculture. The book consisted of sixteen chapters ست ة عشر فص ال كتاب الزراعة. الكتاب تكون من which explain how best to grow trees, fruit and vegetables, as التي تي وض ح ما هي أفضل طريقة لزراعة األشجار والفاكهة والخضار باإلضافة إلى األعشاب والزهور well as herbs and sweet-smelling flowers; perhaps the most العطرية ربما الفصل األك ث ر ش ه ر ة ك ان ذلك )3( الذي famous chapter of all was the one (3) that described how to يص ف ك يف ية معالج ة األنواع المختلفة م ن التربة. كما treat different types of soil. Ibn Bassal also worked out how عرف إبن بص ال أيضا ك يف ي س قي األرض بإيجاد to irrigate the land by finding underground water and digging المياه الجوفية وح فر اآلبار. لقد صم م أنظمة الر ي wells. He designed water pumps and irrigation systems. All of these things were passed on through his writing. ومضخات المياه. ك ل هذه األشياء ن ق لت خالل كتاباته. three..3 Many plants mentioned here. Write down العديد من النباتات ذكرت هنا. اذكر ثالثة منها..? land 4. How did Ibn Bassal irrigate the كيف سقى ابن بص ال األرض... design? 5. What did he ماذا صم م ابن بص ال... لقد كان تأثير كتاب إبن بص ال هائال. ألن المزارعين The influence of Ibn Bassal's book was enormous. As عبر األجيال ت بعوا تعاليمه ونصائحه كما أن األرض farmers down the generations followed his instructions and أصبحت خصب ة بشكل رائع وأنتجت طعاما أكثر من advice, the land became wonderfully fertile and produced الالزم لعدد السكان المتزايد بسرعة. أنظمة الر ي )4( The more than enough food for the fast-growing population. التي قام هو و أتباعه بتطب يقها ما زال ت موجودة حتى irrigation systems (4) that he and his followers put in اليوم في إسبانيا. بالرغم من أن اسم ه ليس مع ر وف ا place are still in evidence in Spain. Although his name is not على نحو واسع إال أن تراث إبن بص ال العالم ك ان widely known, Ibn Bassal's legacy to the world has been great. عظيم ا. enormous? 6. How was the influence of Ibn Bassal كيف كان تأثيره هائال / كبيرا... 8

9 Activity Book ( P.22 / Ex.9 ) 9 Read the text again and answer the questions. اذكر اثنين من انجازات ابن بص ال. achievements. 1 Name two of Ibn Bassal s 2 Find a verb in the second paragraph that means supply land with water. جد فعال في الفقرة الثانية معناه " يزو د االرض بالماء ". 3 Guess the meaning of fertile land in the third paragraph. Which part of the text illustrates its خم ن / احزر معنى كلمة... في الفقرة الثالثة. اي جزء من النص يوض ح المعنى meaning? 4 Guess the meaning of legacy in the third paragraph. What does the author suggest is Ibn Bassal s خم ن / احزر معنى كلمة... في الفقرة الثالثة. ماذا يقترح الكاتب حول ارث / ميراث ابن بص ال للعالم world? legacy to the 5 Which paragraph suggests that Ibn Bassal was a polymath? Give examples of his areas of knowledge. اي فقرة تقترح بأن إبن بص ال كان مثقفا / موسوعة اعط امثلة على مجاالت معرفته. 6 Why do you think the area around Toledo had a fast-growing population? لماذا تعتقد أن المنطقة حول طليطلة كانت ذات نمو سكاني سريع ( اعط سببين ( Answers : 1 writing A Book of Agriculture; designing water pumps and irrigation systems 2 irrigate 3 agriculturally productive; produced more than enough food (lines 28 29) 4 Legacy means what someone leaves to the world after their death. Ibn Bassal s legacy is his agricultural instructions and advice. 5 the first paragraph: writing, science, engineering, botany, agriculture 6 Suggested answer: I think that the area around Toledo had a fast-growing population for two reasons. Firstly, I think that many people would want to live around Toledo, and Al-Andalus in general, at that time because Al-Andalus was a very prosperous place. Secondly, because the area was producing a lot of food as a result of Ibn Bassal s irrigation systems, people would be healthier and more able to provide for more children than they could before. Activity Book ( P. 23 / Ex. 11 / 12 ) االسم Name Ibn Bassal التاريخ Date lived in the eleventh century CE الموقع Location Al-Andalus Occupation and Interests المجال و االهتمامات writer, scientist and engineer / interested in botany and agriculture Achievements االنجازات writing A Book of Agriculture; designing water pumps and irrigation systems الميراث Legacy agricultural instructions and advice 12 Now write three short paragraphs (40 60 words each) summarising the text about Ibn Bassal. Use اكتب ثالث فقرات قصيرة تلخ ص فيها النص حول ابن بص ال. استخدم معلومات الجدول. guide. the prompts in exercise 11 as a 9

10 Vocabulary Student Book ( P.33 / Ex. 4/5) تمارين المفردات في الوحدة الرابعة تمرين مهم على المتالزمات ( كلمات تأتي دوما مع بعضها البعض تخطيط حضري نفايات حيوية اثار الكربون اثار سلبية النقل العام نمو اقتصادي economic growth public transport negative effects carbon footprint biological urban waste planning 5 Complete the sentences with the correct collocations from exercise 4. اكمل الفراغ بالمتالزمات المناسبة من التمرين الرابع. 1. When عندما people الناس talk تتحد ث about عن, they can قد mean يقصدون either إم ا an الزيادة an increase او or,المعيشة of living مستوى standard معد ل the average في in التحس ن improvement. منتجات products البلد of a country s قيمة the value في in مثل such as,البيئة the environment على on الخطيرة serious بعض some له has التلوث 2. Pollution.حياة life النباتات plant و and الحياة البري ة of wildlife موت / فناء the death بواسطة our. by للتقليل من to reduce بج د hard العمل work جميعنا all نستطيع can نحن 3. We. نمط حياة lifestyle صديق للبيئة environmentally-friendly اكثر a more عيش living اق ل fewer سيكون هناك there will be,اكثر.. more often اخذنا / استخدمنا take نحن we اذا 4. If هواء air انظف / انقى cleaner ينتج عنه result in سوف will الذي which,الطرقات the roads على on سي ارات cars. مدننا our cities في in 5. Hospitals المستشفيات need to تحتاج ل dispose التخل ص of من a lot الكثير of من., and و it.خطرة dangerous تكون it can be ألنه ا because التعامل معها managed بحذر شديد be carefully يجب should 6. The need الحاجة for more للمزيد من effective الفع ال.. is evident مطلوب when عندما we. المرور traffic مثل like المشاكل problems الحديثة modern day نفك ر / نأخذ بعين االعتبار consider Answers : 1 economic growth 2 negative effects 3 carbon footprint 4 public transport 5 biological waste 6 urban planning Activity Book ( P.20 / Ex ) Vocabulary 1 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. One word is not needed. The first one is done for you. اكمل الفراغ مستخدما الكلمات التي في الصندوق. فيلسوف حساب مثق ف كيميائي / صيدلي هندسة عالم رياضيات طبيب philosopher arithmetic polymath chemist geometry mathematician physician 1. My father والدي teaches يعل م Maths.الرياضيات He s هو a mathematician. 2. You انت must يجب not اال take in تتناول medicine العالج without بدون consulting استشارة a.. 3. We learn نتعل م about عن shapes,االشكال lines الخطوط and و angles الزوايا when عندما we... ندرس study 4. Mr السي د Shahin شاهين is a true حقيقي.., working يعمل in في all كل kinds انواع of.الحقول / الميادين / المجاالت fields العلمية scientific و and االبداعية creative هو He.الحسابات calculations و and االرقام numbers مع with جي د good جد ا is very رامي 5. Ramzi. في in عالمات عالية high يحق ق / يحرز scores دوما always عن about يكتب writes و and يفك ر thinks الذي who الشخص someone هو 6. A. is. الحياة of life معنى the meaning Answers : 1 mathematician 2 physician 3 geometry 4 polymath 5 arithmetic 6 philosopher 10

11 2 Match the words with the correct definitions. One definition is not needed. The first one is done for you. Word 1. talent _g_. 2. founder 3. scales 4. polymath 5. arithmetic 6. laboratory Definition a. an expert in many subjects b. a room for scientific experiments c. the person who starts something new, such as an organisation d. an instrument to measure weight e. an engineer f. the study of numbers g. special ability Answers : 1 g 2 c 3 d 4 a 5 f 6 b Activity Book ( P.23 / Ex.10 ) تمرين على الكلمات المركبة needed. 10 Complete the sentences with words from the box. One word is not نفايات متجد دة طاقة مشاة محايد مناسب خالي آثار مزارع نافع benefit farms footprint free friendly neutral pedestrian power renewable waste. للطاقة of energy مصدر source مهم is an important الشمسية solar,البلدان countries الحار ة hot في 1 In. للبيئة are environmentally المشاريع projects الخضراء / النظيفة Green 2 3 Wind الرياح are تكون an example مثاال of على energy. اي شيء anything ترمي throw ال doesn t و and كل شيء everything تعيد تدوير recycles المدينة a city اذا 4 If away بعيدا, it فإنها is تكون zero-. 5 We نحن burn نحرق carbon الكربون whenever متى we use استخدمنا oil,النفط coal الفحم or او gas.الغاز This هذه is.. الكربون as our carbon يعرف ب known نكون are نحن we,احرقنا we burn كلما as الكربون carbon ما نستطيع من as much استبدلنا we replace اذا 6 If. للكربون carbon-,منطقة zone سيارات car- a يكون is مسموحة are allowed سيارات cars ال no حيث where المكان 7 A place.مناسب.. friendly يكون it is و and Answers : 1 power 2 friendly 3 farms / renewable 4 waste 5 footprint 6 neutral 7 free / pedestrian 11

12 Grammar القواعد Unit Four الجمل الموصولة A. Relative Clauses Sentences B. Cleft الجمل المنقسمة ( الجزئية ) = Who تستخدم مع االسم العاقل لهذه القاعدة ثالث بدايات و هي: The man.lives next door is nice. البداية االولى : وضع it / it is / it was في البداية. ( who, which, where, that ) تستخدم مع االسم غير العاقل = Which The book you bought me was good. ( which, where, when, who ) Where = مع اسم المكان The village. I was born, was peaceful. ( which, where, when, who ) When = مع اسم الزمان The year we met was stormy. ( when, where, which, who ) تستخدم بين اسمين للداللة على الملكية = Whose The woman.daughter in my class, is nice ( who, where, when, whose ) تذك ر : الضمير that يحل مكان اي ضمير بشرط عدم وجود فاصلة قبل الفراغ. The ring,..you bought is too cheap. ( who, which, where, that ) مع اسماء المكان التي يتبعها فاعل نستخدم where مع اسماء المكان التي يتبعها فعل نستخدم which The hospital.treats the poor is global. ( who, which, where, when ) The hospital my dad treats the poor. ( who, which, where, when ) London is a huge city. It is the capital of the UK. London, which is the capital of the UK, is a huge city. المعطيات : وجود جملتين تفصلهما فقط نقطة. الجملة االولى تبدأ بإسم و الثانية تبدأ بضمير يدل على االسم خطوات الحل : ضع ضمير وصل مناسب فقط استخدم ) which ( who, أنزل الجملة الثانية ضع فاصلة انزل الجملة االولى It is... It was Ziryab introduced the oud to Europe. It was Ziryab who / that introduced the oud to Europe. في هذا النمط نعتبر االسم الموجود قبل الفعل هو االسم المشد د. ننزل االسم المشدد / ضمير وصل مناسب او / that نكمل الجملة البداية الثانية : وضع احد الكلمات التالية والتي تدل على المشدد. The person The country The place The year.. The time/the period. The century The event The thing. Queen Rania opened the gallery in 2012CE. The person who / that opened the gallery in 2012 CE was Queen Rania. The year when / that Queen Rania opened the gallery was 2012 CE. الخطوات : 1. االسم المشدد حسب معنى البداية الوزارية. 2. ضع ضمير وصل مناسب او that للكل. 3. نز ل كل الجملة عدا االسم المشدد. 4. ضع is / was 5. ضع المشدد في نهاية الجملة. البداية الثالثة : وضع كلمة What في بداية الجملة. I would like to visit Petra next year. What.. I would like to study medicine at college in What.. خطوات الحل : )1 نز ل الجملة I would like to كما هي 2( ضع الفعل المساعد do 3( اكمل الجملة )4 ضع is 5( ضع الفعل واالسم الموجودين في االصلية بعد to في النهاية. البداية الرابعة: وضع المشدد في بداية الجملة Al-Kindi made a set of scales for chemists. Al-Kindi was the person الحل هنا يكون خطوة واحدة وهي فقط وضع الضمير الموصول المناسب ثم نكمل الجملة كما هي. 12

13 تمارين قواعد الوحدة الرابعة ( تم تنسيقها حسب النمط الوزاري ) : Student Book ( P. 29 / Ex ) 6 We want to emphasise the part of the sentence which is in bold in sentences 1 3. Match each one to an appropriate cleft sentence a c. المطلوب : توصيل الجمل مع االجابة المناسبة. 1 The Great Mosque in Cordoba was built a The year when the Great Mosque in in 784 CE by Abd al-rahman I. Cordoba was built was 784 CE. 2 The Great Mosque in Cordoba was built b Abd al-rahman I was the person who built in 784 CE by Abd al-rahman I. 3 The Great Mosque in Cordoba was built in 784 CE by Abd al-rahman I. Answers : 1. b 2. c 3. a the Great Mosque in Cordoba in 784 CE. c The mosque that was built by Abd al-rahman I in 784 CE was the Great Mosque in Cordoba. 7 Write this sentence in three different ways, emphasising the parts underlined in each case. المطلوب : كتابة الجملة بثالث طرق مختلفة بحيث يكون التشديد في كل مرة على االسم الذي تحته خط. Al-Jazari invented the mechanical clock in the twelfth century. 1. It was.. 2. The person. 3. It was.. 4. The thing It was.. 6. The century / The period.. Answers : 1 The person who invented the mechanical clock in the twelfth century was Al-Jazari. 2. It was Al-Jazari who/that invented the mechanical clock in the twelfth century. 3. The thing that Al-Jazari invented in the twelfth century was the mechanical clock. 4. It was the mechanical clock that Al-Jazari invented in the twelfth century. 5. The period/time when Al-Jazari invented the mechanical clock was the twelfth century. 6. It was in the twelfth century that Al-Jazari invented the mechanical clock. 8 Rewrite these sentences, emphasising the part in bold, and using the structure as shown. 1 Al-Kindi contributed to the invention of the oud. The person who.. 2 Jabir ibn Hayyan did his research in a laboratory in Iraq. The country where. 3 Ali ibn Nafi established the first music school in the world. It was. 4 Jabir ibn Hayyan also invented ink that can be read in the dark. It was. 5 Al-Kindi is especially famous for his work in geometry. It is. Answers : 1 The person who contributed to the invention of the oud was Al-Kindi. 2 The country where Jabir ibn Hayyan did his research in a laboratory was Iraq. 3 It was Ali ibn Nafi' who established the first music school in the world. 4 It was Jabir ibn Hayyan who/that also invented ink that can be read in the dark. 5 It is for his work in geometry that Al-Kindi is especially famous. 13

14 Student Book ( P.30 / Ex.4 ) 4 Read the passage below and answer the questions. The Giralda The Giralda tower, which is one of the most important buildings in Seville, Spain, stands at just over 104 metres tall. The person who is believed to be responsible for the design of the tower, which was originally a minaret, is the mathematician and astronomer Jabir ibn Aflah. The architect of the tower was Ahmad Ben Baso, who began work in 1184 CE. He died before the tower was completed in 1198 CE. The design of the tower is believed to be based on the Koutoubia Mosque, which is in Marrakesh, Morocco, and the Hassan Tower in Rabat. حد د جمل الوصل المعر فة و غير المعر فة. text. 1 Identify the defining and non-defining relative clauses in the Defining relative clauses: who is believed to be responsible for the design of the tower Non-defining relative clauses: which is one of the most important buildings in Seville, Spain which was originally a minaret who began work in 1184 CE which is in Marrakesh, Morocco ما هو ضمير الوصل المناسب للحديث عن كل من: box? 2 What relative pronouns do we use for the things in the People / animals and things / places people who, that; / animals and things which, that; / places where, which, that Student Book ( P.31 / Ex.5 ) 5. Complete the text with the correct word from the box. Sometimes, more than one answer is possible. who, which, where, that Qasr Bashir is an extremely well-preserved Roman castle (1) is situated in the Jordanian desert, and is about eighty kilometres south of Amman. The walls and huge corner towers of the castle, (2).. was built at the beginning of the fourth century CE, are still standing. It is thought that Qasr Bashir was built to protect the Roman border. Apart from the rooms in the castle, there are also about twenty-three stables (3). horses may have been kept. People (4). love exploring historical Roman ruins will certainly find a visit to Qasr Bashir very rewarding. Once inside the building, one can imagine very vividly what it would have been like to live there during the times of the Roman Empire. Answers : 1 which/that 2 which 3 where 4 who/that Activity Book ( P.20 / Ex.3) 3 Make cleft sentences, stressing the information in bold. The first one is done for you. 1 Queen Rania opened the Children s Museum of Jordan in 2007 CE. It was Queen Rania who opened the Children s Museum of Jordan in 2007 CE. The person.... Queen Rania was the person.... The year... The thing.. 2 Petra was made a World Heritage Site in 1985 CE. The year.. 3 I stopped working at 11 p.m. It was.. 4 My father has influenced me most. The person 5 I like Geography most of all. The subject 6 The heat made the journey unpleasant. It was 14

15 Answers : 1 Queen Rania who opened the Children s Museum of Jordan in 2007 CE 2 when/in which Petra was made a World Heritage Site was 1985 CE 3 11 p.m. when I stopped working 4 who/that has influenced me most is my father 5 that/which I like most of all is Geography 6 the heat that/which made the journey unpleasant Activity Book ( P.21 / Ex.4) 4 Match the beginnings with the correct endings and join them with a relative pronoun. Then, write the sentences out in full. The first one is done for you. 1 A mathematician is someone a are studied by mathematicians. 2 Geometry and arithmetic are subjects b means doctor. 3 Physician is an old-fashioned word c works with numbers. 4 A chemist is a person d astronomers study. 5 The stars and planets are things e works in a laboratory. Answers : 1 c: A mathematician is someone who works with numbers. 2 a: Geometry and arithmetic are subjects that/which are studied by mathematicians. 3 b: Physician is an old-fashioned word that/which means doctor. 4 e: A chemist is a person who/that works in a laboratory. 5 d: The stars and planets are things that/which astronomers study. Activity Book ( P.21 / Ex.5) 5 Complete the text about Ibn Sina, using the relative pronouns in the box. One pronoun is used twice. Add commas for the non-defining relative clauses. that, when, which, who Ibn Sina (1). is also known as Avicenna was a polymath. Ibn Sina was influenced as a young man by the works of the philosopher Aristotle. He wrote on early Islamic philosophy (2). included many subjects, especially logic and ethics. He also wrote Al Qanun fi -Tibb, the book (3)...became the most famous medical textbook ever. In the last ten or twelve years of his life, Ibn Sina started studying literary matters. His friends (4). were worried about his health advised him to relax. He refused and told them I prefer a short life with width to a narrow one with length. It was the month of Ramadan (5). Ibn Sina died, in June 1037 CE. Answers : 1, who is also known as Avicenna, 2, which included many subjects, 3 that 4, who were worried about his health, 5 when Activity Book ( P.21 / Ex.6) 7 Complete the sentences with words formed from the words in brackets. 1 The Middle East is famous for the.. of olive oil. (produce) 2 Ibn Sina wrote.textbooks. (medicine) 3 Fatima al-fihri was born in the..century. (nine) 4 My father bought our house with an from his grandfather. (inherit) 5 Scholars have discovered an..document from the twelfth century. (origin) 6 Do you think the wheel was the most important ever? (invent) 7 Al-Kindi made many important mathematical.. (discover) 8 Who was the most.writer of the twentieth century? (influence) Answers : 1 production 2 medical 3 ninth 4 inheritance 5 original 6 invention 7 discoveries 8 influential 15

16 االمتحان التدريبي على الوحدة الرابعة رقم الفقرة 1 Read the following text carefully and then answer the question that follows. One of the many things which Ibn Bassal achieved was A Book of Agriculture. The book consisted of sixteen chapters which explain how best to grow trees, fruit and vegetables, as well as herbs and sweet-smelling flowers; perhaps the most famous chapter of all was the one that described how to treat different types of soil. Ibn Bassal also worked out how to irrigate the land by finding underground water and digging wells. He designed water pumps and irrigation systems. All of these things were passed on through his writing. Write down two things that Ibn Bassal designed. بدائل الفقرة water pumps and irrigation systems أ herbs and sweet-smelling flowers ب finding underground water and digging wells which explain how best to grow trees ج د مفتاح الحل رقم الفقرة 2 Read the following text carefully and then answer the question that follows. Furthermore, in order to reduce its carbon footprint, Masdar City will be a car-free zone, designed to be pedestrian and cycle-friendly. Electric, driverless cars will operate as public transport vehicles, and the city will be connected to other locations by a network of roads and railways. The city will be connected to other locations in two ways. Write them down. بدائل الفقرة in order to reduce its carbon footprint أ a network of roads and railways ب Masdar City will be a car-free zone driverless cars will operate as public transport vehicles ج د مفتاح الحل رقم الفقرة 3 Choose the correct answers A, B, C or D. His friends, were worried about his health advised him to relax. who which where that أ ب ج د مفتاح الحل بدائل الفقرة 16