Determination of the density, Relative density, and Absorption of Coarse aggregate Objective This method covers the determination of specific gravity and absorption of coarse aggregate. The specific gravity may be expressed as bulk specific gravity, bulk specific gravity (SSD) (saturated-surface-dry), or apparent specific gravity. The bulk specific gravity (SSD) and absorption are based on aggregate after 24 hour submerging in water. Definitions- 1. اال زظبص : ا ض ٠ بدح ف ص ا شوب ز ١ جخ الخزشاق ا بء غب بد ا جض ٠ ئبد خالي فزشح ذذدح غجمب ى ال رزض ا بء ا زظك ثب غطخ ا خبسج جض ٠ ئبد ٠ ؼجش ػ ب و غجخ ا ص ا جبف. ا ذب خ ا ز ٠ جفف ف ١ ب ا شوب ثب فش ذسجخ دشاسح ؼ ١ خ ي لذ وبف ذظ ي 2. جفف ثب فش : ػ ص ثبثذ. 3. شجغ جبف ا غطخ : ا ذب خ ا ز رى ف ١ ب ا غب بد ا بفزح شوب شجؼخ ثب بء د ج د بء ػ عطخ ا جض ٠ ئبد. 4. ا ىثبفخ : برجخ لغ خ ص ا شوب ػ دذح ا ذج جض ٠ ئبد ا شوب ا ز رزض ا غب بد ا بفزح غ ١ ش ا افزح ض ا جض ٠ ئبد ى ال رزض ا فج اد ث ١ جض ٠ ئبد ا شوب. ا ص ػ دذح دج ا جضء ا غ ١ ش بفز جض ٠ ئبد ا شوب. غجخ وثبفخ ا بدح ا وثبفخ ا بء ا مطش ف دسجخ دشاسح ؼ ١ خ. Reference ASTM: C127-13, IQS 1984/31. Apparatus 5. ا ىثبفخ ا ظب ش ٠ خ : 6. ا ىثبفخ ا غج ١ خ )ا ص ا ػ (: 1- The balance shall be Sensitive to 0.05% of weight of material and with capacity about (5 Kg) or more. The balance shall be equipped with suitable apparatus for suspending the sample 1
container in water from the center of the weighing platform or pan of the weighing device. 2- Sample Container - A wire basket of 3.35 mm (No. 6) or finer mesh, or a bucket of approximately equal width and height, with a capacity of 4 to 7 L for 37.5 mm (1½ -in.) nominal maximum size aggregate or smaller. 3- Water Tank - A watertight tank into which the sample container may be placed while suspended below the balance. 4- Sieves - A 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve or other sizes as needed. Sample preparation The minimum weight of test sample to be used is given below::- Nominal Maximum Size (inches) Nominal Maximum Size (mm) Minimum Weight of Test Sample (kg) ½ or less 12.5 2 ¾ 19 3 1 25 4 1 ½ 37.5 5 2 50 8 2 ½ 63 12 3 75 18 ا جذ ي اػال ٠ ج ١ ال و ١ خ رج ا بخ ر فذض دغت ا مبط االع االلظ شوب ا خش )ا ذظ (. 2
Test procedure 1-٠ ز رذض ١ ش ا رج دغت ا مبط االع االلظ ا ج ١ ثب جذ ي اػال ثؼذ ر ه ٠ ز ر ظ ١ ف ا رج ا اد ا ؼب مخ االط ١ ب 4.75 ) ج ١ ذا ذ ١ ر ظ ١ ف ثب ىب. االرشثخ ر ه ثغغ ة ا بء ػ خ سل ) 2-٠ ضغ ا رج ا ذضش ف ا غ خ ا غ ى ١ خ ٠ غ ش ثب بء ثذسجخ C( 20( 5 ثششط ثمبء غطبء بئ ال ٠ م ػ )5 ع ( ف ق ا ذبفخ ا ؼ ١ ب غ خ ٠ ز اصا خ ا اء ا ذظ س ا رج ا ض ع ف ا غ خ جبششح ثؼذ ا غ ش ثب بء ػ طش ٠ ك سفغ ا غ خ ث مذاس )25 ( ف ق لبػذح ا خضا ا غ بح ب ثب ج ط )25 شح( ث ؼذي شح ثب ثب ١ خ. خالي ز ا ؼ ١ خ ٠ ض ا ٠ جم ا شوب ا غ خ غ س ٠ و ١ ب ف ا بء ذح +24( )0.5 عبػخ. 3- رشج ا غ خ غ ا رج شح ثب ١ خ ر ص ١ ى ا ص ف ز ا ذب خ (C(. 4- رشفغ ا غ خ ا ذب ٠ خ ػ ا شوب ا بء ٠ غ خ بء ثبال ظشاف ب ؼذح دلبئك ثؼذ ر ه ٠ فشؽ ا شوب ا غ خ ػ لطؼخ ل بػ جبفخ رؼبد ا غ خ فبسغخ ا ا بء د ١ ث رشج )25 شح( ر ص ١ ى زا ا ص (B(. 5-٠ جفف عطخ ا شوب ا ض ع ع لطؼخ ا م بػ ث ٠ م ا لطؼخ ل بػ جبفخ اخش ٠ فشػ ثطجمخ ع ى ب دج ١ جخ ادذح ٠ زشن ؼذح دلبئك ثب ج ى ثؼ ١ ذا ػ اشؼخ ا ش ظ ا جبششح ا ا ظذس دشاس اخش ا د ١ اصا خ ج ١ غ طجمبد ا بء ا شئ ١ خ.ث ٠ ص ا رج ١ ى ا ص (A(. 6-٠ ز ضغ ا رج ثذاخ ا بء غطخ ٠ ضغ ثب فش زجف ١ ف ثذسجخ C( 110( 5 ذح )24+ 0.5( عبػخ ثؼذ ب ٠ ز اخشاج ا رج ا فش ٠ زشن ١ جشد ذح )3-1( عبػبد ٠ ص ١ ى ا ص (D(. 3
4
Calculations A- Calculate the parameters as follows: 1- Relative density (Specific gravity)(od) = (D / (A-(C-B)) 2- Relative density(specific gravity) (SSD) = (A / (A-(C-B)) 3- Apparent Relative density(apparent Specific gravity) = (D / (D-(B-C)) B- Calculate Density parameters : 1- Density (OD), Kg/m 3 = (997.5*D / (A-(C-B)) 2- Density (SSD), Kg/m 3 = (997.5*A/ (A-(C-B)) 3- Apparent density, Kg/m 3 = (997.5*D / (D-(B-C)) C- Calculate the Absorption from the equation as follows : Absorption,% =((A-D) /D ) *100 5
Where : A: Weight of sample (SSD) (gm). B: Weight of empty wire basket immersed in water (gm). C: Weight of wire basket and Sample immersed in water (gm). D: Weight of sample Oven-dry in air (gm). Distilled water (Density): 997.5 Kg/m 3 is the density at 23 ºC. Discussion and Conclusion 1- What is the significant from the test? 2- What is the different between the results of the densities of the all groups in one glass? Why? 3- What is the purpose of shaking the wire basket while immersed in water? 4- Is the results of the relative density within the range or not? 5- What is the different between the maximum size and nominal maximum size of coarse aggregate? 6- Why the absorption of coarse aggregate have less values? 6
Note:- بن طش ٠ مخ ثب ١ خ فظ طش ٠ مخ ا زجشثخ دغت ا اطفخ اال ١ شو ١ خ )C127( ال ٠ جبد ا ص ا ػ شوب ا خش د ١ ث ٠ ز ف ١ ب اعذخذا ػ جخ صجبج ١ خ ذى خ ا غطبء ثذال ا غ خ دغبة ا ص ا غ س ثب بء ثذال ا ص ا ؼ ك رز ز ا طش ٠ مخ و ب ٠ :- 1- ذضش د ا )2-1( وغ ا رج. ٠ ز خ ج ١ ذا زخ ض ا اد ا ؼب مخ 2- فشؽ ا رج ػ ا خ سل )4.75( االرشثخ ٠ غغ ج ١ ذا ثب بء. 3-٠ فشؽ ا رج ثؼذ ا خ ثب ؼ جخ ا ضجبج ١ خ ٠ ضبف ا ١ ا بء ا ا ٠ ظ السرفبع )5( ع رمش ٠ جب ف ق عطخ ا رج رغ ك ا ؼ جخ ٠ زشن ا رج غ س ثب بء دز ٠ زشجغ ر ب ب ي ذح )24( عبػخ. 4-٠ ز اضبفخ ا بء ا ا ر ال ا ؼ جخ ثب ىب رغط ا غ جخ شح اخش ٠ ز ص ب د ١ ث ٠ ى زا ا ص )A(. 5-٠ فشؽ ا بء ا ؼ جخ غ شاػبح ػذ خش ج ا شوب ٠ ضغ ا شوب ػ لطؼخ ل بػ جبفخ ٠ فشػ ثغ ه جض ٠ ئخ ادذح ٠ ز غخ ا ذج ١ جبد ج ١ ذا غ شاػبح ػذ رجف ١ ف ب ثشى و ا فمظ اصا خ ا ؼخ ا ج دح ػ ا غطخ ثؼذ ا ص ا رج ٠ ى ا ص )C( شجغ جبف ا غطخ. 6- ر ال ا ؼ جخ ا ضجبج ١ خ ثب بء رغط ر ص ٠ ى زا ا ص )B(. 7- - ٠ ز ضغ ا رج ثذاخ ا بء غطخ ٠ ضغ ثب فش زجف ١ ف ثذسجخ C( 110( 5 ذح )24+ 0.5( عبػخ ثؼذ ب ٠ ز اخشاج ا رج ا فش ٠ زشن ١ جشد ي ذح )3-1( عبػبد ٠ ضغ ف ػ جخ ذى خ ا غطبء ٠ ص ١ ى ا ص (D(. ٠ ز ا ٠ جبد ا ص ا ػ ا ص ا ػ ا ظب ش اال زظبص دغت ا م ا ١ ا زب ١ خ :- Calculations A- Calculate the parameters as follows: 1- Relative density (Specific gravity)(od) = (D / (C-(A-B)) 2- Relative density(specific gravity) (SSD) = (C / (C-(A-B)) 7
3- Apparent Relative density(apparent Specific gravity) = (D / (D-(A-B)) B- Calculate Density parameters : 1- Density (OD), Kg/m 3 = (997.5*D / (C-(A-B)) 2- Density (SSD), Kg/m 3 = (997.5*C/ (C-(A-B)) 3- Apparent density, Kg/m 3 = (997.5*D / (D-(A-B)) C- Calculate the Absorption from the equation as follows : Absorption,% =((C-D) /D ) *100 Where : A: Weight of class vessel and Sample immersed in water (gm). B: Weight of class vessel filled with water (gm). C: Weight of sample (SSD) (gm). D: Weight of sample Oven-dry in air (gm). Distilled water (Density): 997.5 Kg/m 3 is the density at 23 ºC. 8
Terminology وثبفخ : Density 1- جفف ثب فش : dry 2- oven شجغ جبف ا غطخ : surface-dry 3- Saturated and ا ىثبفخ ا ظب ش ٠ خ ) غب بد ا غ ١ ش فبرح بء ) : density -4 Apparent ا ىثبفخ ا غج ١ خ )ا ص ا ػ ) : gravity) 5- Relative density (specific ا بء ا مطش : water 6- Distilled ب غ بء : watertight 7- ع خ ع ى ١ خ : basket 8- wire غ س : immersed 9- اد اد : apparatus 10- طش ٠ مخ, اع ة : procedure 11- ؼ ك : suspended 12- ا مبط االع : size 13- Nominal ١ ضا : Balance 14- ػ جخ صجبج ١ خ : vessel 15- class 9