رؿ ارم.. اإل غ ١ ض ٠ خ.. ثغ خ Easily, learn and be excellent at,.. English.... Levels.. ا ؾب..... غز ا ذاسط زا ا ىزبة ٠ ؾ ا غضء ٠ ؿب اضبفبد أخش ف ١ و ب رؾزبع ززؿ رزم ا غخ اال غ مغ ي levels ؽغت ٠ ض ٠ خ ا ؾش ف األثغذ ٠ خ (Alphabet) إ ا ؾبدصبد (Conversations) ؽب ال و ل اؾذ ا غخ اال غ ١ ض ٠ خ (Grammar) ا ضش س ٠ خ ا ب خ ؾ ١ بح ا ؿب خ ا ز رف ١ ذ و ا غب ب وب غز ا أ ؾ ش ى ٠ ز ى رى ٠ ا ؾبدصبد ا خبفخ ث ث ب ٠ بعت غش ف ثبالضبفخ ؾبدصبد ا ع دح ف زا ا ىزبة. اؾذاد : ؽؾ ذ و بي By : Heshmat Kamal - 1 -...
... 2003 / 19286 977-17-1151-2 6373468 /// /// ا ٥ لاك : اٹڂب و : اٹغپ ٤ اٹز ڈ وي : اٹپ ج ٦ خ : اٹ ج ٦ خ : هٱټ اال لا ٣ ؽ پذ ٵپبٷ د: ؽ ٽذ ٵپبٷ ؽ پذ ٵپبٷ األڇٹى 2003 / 18867 : 977-17-1140-7 اٹزوٱ ټ اٹلڇٹ : Author : Heshmat Kamal Tel : 6373468 Publisher : Type setting : Press : Edition : Heshmat Kamal Heshmat Kamal First Legal deposit # : 18867 /2003 /// 19286 / 2003 I.S.B.N. :977-17-1140-7 /// 977-17-1151-2 - 2 -
ا ف شعذ Contents ا ض ؼ اي ؿ level - 3 -
فؾخ 6 6 7 10 11 11 12 14 16 17 20 21 21 22 23 25 1 2 3 4 5 the English Alphabet اٹؾوڇ االثغل خ االځغٺ ي خ pronunciation of some ٱڈا ٥ ل ځ ث ٦ اٹؾوڇ letters important words and their ٵٺپبد څبٽخ ڇٽ ٦ بځ چب meanings important words and their ٵٺپبد څبٽخ ڇٽ ٦ بځ چب meanings Homonyms and ٵٺپبد ٽز بثچخ ڇٽزواك بد synonyms اٹ ڈاث ڇاٹٺڈاؽ prefixes and suffixes اٹڈٱذ time ؽوڇ اٹغو prepositions عپ ٤ اال پبء plural of nouns Verb do ٵٺپبد ٽ ٤ ؽوڇ عو prepositions with ا زقلاٻ ؽوڇ اٹغو ٽ ٤ اٹڈٱذ time ث ٦ ٱڈا ٥ ل اٹٶزبثخ A, An and The Verbs "be" and "have" prepositions with ٹپٶبٿ ا زقلاٻ ؽوڇ اٹغو ٽ ٤ ا - 4 -
26 27 28 30 31 32 33 34 35 37 38 40 43 44 45 47 51 55 59 6 7 8 9 10 place أ بٷ verbs ٵٺپبد ڇؽوڇ عو ٽزڂڈ ٥ بد څبٽخ أ ئٺخ questions ٥ الٽبد اٹڈٱ punctuation ٥ الٽخ اٹپٺٶ خ ٹال پبء the apostrophe اال پبء اٹز ر ٦ ل ڇاٹز الر ٦ ل countable and uncountable nouns اٹ پبئو pronouns gerund ٽزڂڈ ٥ بد اٹ ٢ وڇ ڇاٹ ٮبد adjectives and adverbs اٹ ٢ وڇ ڇاٹ ٮبد adjectives and adverbs علڇٷ ال پبء ٽ ٤ ٮبرچب ٽٲلٽخ ٥ ڀ األىٽڂخ Tenses ٽٲلٽخ ٥ ڀ اٹپجڂ ٹٺپ ٦ ٺڈٻ ڇاٹپجڂ ٹٺپغچڈٷ active and passive األص خ Tenses ر و األ ٦ بٷ conjugation of verbs اٹپجڂ ٹٺپ ٦ ٺڈٻ ڇاٹپجڂ ٹٺپغچڈٷ active and passive علاڇٷ أ ٦ بٷ ڇا پبء ڇ ٮبد - 5 -
62 64 65 66 67 68 70 72 11 12 conditional if ٹڈ )اٹ و خ( اٹزپڂ wishes ف بثبد letters Resume Comprehension direct and indirect اٹٶالٻ اٹپجب و ڇاٹ و ٽجب و speech ٵٺپبد ٽز بثچخ ڇٽزڂڈ ٥ بد Comprehension conversation level ڈعل ڇالؽ ٠ اځڄ ځچب خ ٵٸ اثزلاء ٽڀ level 3-6 -
مذ خ أ ٶو اهلل ٥ ٺى ٽ ب ٥ لرڄ ٹ ارپبٻ څنا اٹٶزبة ٥ ٺى أؽ ڀ ڇعڄ ڇڅڈ بٽٸ ٹٺغيء ڀ اٹ بثٲ ڀ ٽ ٦ ب ٽ ٤ ث ٦ اال ب بد األفوډ صټ رٲ ټ ٵٺڄ ٷ.levels - 7 -
ڇأٱلٻ څنا اٹٶزبة اڅلاء ٹٶٸ ٽڀ ٻ چذ ثلها خ االځغٺ يي ٽ و ڇاٹپچغو ڇٵٸ ٽٶبٿ ٹٶ ٮ لڃ ٵٸ ؽ برڄ ڇٱل ها ٥ ذ ڄ أٿ ٶڈٿ ٽج ب ڇ چال ڇ ځٮ اٹڈٱذ بٽال ال ڂٲ ڄ ئ څبٻ ڇٹٶڀ ثبٹ ج ٤ ال ڈعل ٵزبة ٵبٻٷ أي ٽغبٷ ڇثبمٿ اهلل ٶڈٿ څنا اٹٶزبة ځب ٦ ب علا ٹٶٸ كاه ٥ پٺڄ ڇٵٸ ؽ برڄ اٹ ٦ بٽخ ڈ اء ٵبٿ اٹلاه بٹت ٥ ٺټ ٽله خ أڇ ٵٺ خ أڇ ٽ ٦ چل أڇ ٽڈ ١ أي ٽغبٷ ٥ پٸ أڇ ؽزى اٿ ٵبٿ ٽله چنا اٹٶزبة ځب ٤ ٹٺٶٸ ٵٸ اٹپ زڈ بد چڈ فال خ كها ز ٹٺ خ االځغٺ ي خ ٥ ٺى ٽلډ ٥ واد اٹ ڂڈاد. ڇأرپڂى ٽڀ اٹٲبهئ اٹ ٦ ي ي أٿ لٱ ٵٸ ٵٺپخ ڇ وا ٥ ٥ ڂل كها خ اي ٸ )أڇ ثبة أڇ عيء( څنا اٹٶزبة أٿ ٲوأڃ ٽڀ أڇٹڄ ڇثبٹزور ت وثپب ٵٺپخ أڇ عپٺخ ڇاؽلح ر چٸ ٹڄ كها خ اٹٮ ٸ ٵٺڄ ثٸ ڇ ڈٷ أفوډ ٽجڂ خ ٥ ٺ ڄ څنڃ ځٲ خ أفوډ ڇڅ أځڄ غت ٽ ٦ و خ أٿ اٹٺ خ االځغٺ يي ٽضٸ أي ٹ خ أفوډ ٵٺچب ٽجڂ خ ٥ ٺى ث ٦ چټ ٸ أڇ عيء ٽ ٦ ڀ ع لا چټ أعياء أفوډ ٵض وح. ڇاما ٵبٿ اٹلاه ؾت أٿ ٶڈٿ ٽپزبىا اٹپؾبكصخ ٺ ٦ ٺټ أٿ اٹپؾبكصخ څ ٥ جبهح ٥ ڀ االځغٺ يي ٵٺڄ ؾٮ ٠ اٹٶٺپبد ڇاٹغپٸ ڇاٷ اٹپڈعڈك ڀ څنا اٹٶزبة ٽڀ أڇٹڄ فوڃ ٹچټ أڅپ خ اٹپؾبكصبد ځ اٹٶٺپبد ٽ ٤ اٹپ ٦ به ڇاأل لٱبء ڇٽڀ ٱبٽڈ ٹڂ اٹٶٺپبد ث چڈٹخ. ٮ ل conversation grammar. Oxford أڇ Longman ڇ غت أ ب اٹزپو ڀ ٥ ٺى الٿ چپب و ٲخ أهعڈ ٽڀ اهلل أٿ ب ٥ ل عپ ٤ اٹلاه ڀ ٹچنا اٹٶزبة ثؾ ت ٽب وډ اٿ ڄ اٹق و ڇاٿ ٶڈٿ څنا اٹٶزبة ٹٮبئلح ڇف و ٦ ت ٽ و اٹؾج ت ثٸ ڇٵٸ اٹڂب ٵٸ اٹ ٦ بٹټ. - 8 -
Level 1 [Meena] (H.K.) The English Alphabet ا ؾش ف األثغذ ٠ خ اال غ ١ ض ٠ خ, آي, Ii ار, Hh ع, Gg ا, Ff اي, Ee كي, Cc, Dd ث, Bb ا ڄ Aa Jj ع ڄ, Kk ٵ ڄ, Ll اٷ, Mm اٻ, Nn اٿ, Oo أڇڃ, Pp ث, Qq ٵ ڈ, Rr آه, Ss ىك, Zz ڇاي, Yy اٵ, Xx كاثٺ ڈ, Ww, Vv ڈڇ, Uu ر, Tt ا أٽب ثٲ خ اٹؾوڇ چ بٵڂخ u a e i o : (vowels) څټ اٹؾوڇ اٹپزؾوٵخ. (consonants) ڇٽڀ اٹ وڇهي ؽٮ ٠ څنڃ اٹؾوڇ ثبٹزور ت ال زقلاٻ أي ٱبٽڈ. اٵزت اٹؾوڇ األثغل خ ٵٺچب ٩ ثب ڇثبٹزور ت ثبٹؾوڇ اٹٶج وح box, : )1 H.W ڇاٹ وح ) ٵوا اٹڈاعت( 2( ارپوٿ ٥ ٺى افواط ٽ ٦ بځ اٹٶٺپبد اٹزبٹ خ ٽڀ اٹٲبٽڈ play, escape, (H.K.) [Meena] ا ض بئش ا ؾخق ١ خ [Meena] Personal Pronouns Singular (H.K.) I أځب - 9 -
You He (he, she, it = third singular) She It )ا غ بد أ Plural We You They / ا ؤ ش اځذ أځذ أ غ ١ ش ا ؿبل ا ؾ ١ ا ( ځؾڀ أ اځزپب اځزټ أځزڀ )ع ؽ ا زوش / أ غ ١ ش ا ؿبل ( H.W. What are the personal pronouns? ٽبڅټ اٹ ٽبئو اٹ ق خ اٵزجچټ ٽ ٤ ٽ ٦ بځ چټ ٵوا اٹڈاعت دا ٠ ب اؽفع و و بد رقبدفه اوزج ب شح ا ىزبة فز ػ ص شح غ ١ جب زؾفع اي spelling )االعز غبء( ؽغ خطه أروش ا طك ع ١ ذا. Pronunciation of Some Letters [Meena] ل اؾذ طك ثؿض ا ؾش ف B أؽ ١ ب ب ال ر طك )رى فب زخ( ٵپب lamb الٻ )ؽپٸ(. - 10 -
- 11 - )1 C ٽضٸ : nice ر طك ط ٹڈ أرى ث ٦ لڅب ځب )ؽ ڀ( e, i, y centre 2( ڇر طك ن )ٱ خ( ڈاء ٵبځذ أڇٷ اٹٶٺپخ أڇ ڇ چب ڇمٹٴ ڂزو )ٽوٵي(. ٹڈ عبء ث ٦ لڅب أي ؽو آفو ٽب ٥ لا ٽضٸ cycle ب ٶٸ h cat )كڇهح( crime ٵوا ټ )عو پخ(. 3( أٽب عبءد ضد عخ (cc) رڂ األڇٹى ٳ ڇاٹضبځ خ ؽ ت اٹٲڈا ٥ ل اٹ بثٲخ ٽضٸ أٵ جذ ) ٲجٸ( accuse أٵ ڈى ) زچټ(. ٵبد accept : : 4( أٽب عبء ثؿذ ب h chemistry ٵپ زوي )ٵ پ بء(. )5 أ( رڂ ر ٽضٸ أؽ ١ ب ب ر طك ػ ٽضٸ : ocean أڇ ڀ )ٽؾ ( ڇأؽ بځب ال رڂ ڇرٶڈٿ بٽزخ ٽضٸ : : chalk ر ڈٳ ) جب و(. ة( ڇرڂ ٳ ٽضٸ : ط( ڇرڂ ٽضٸ: machine ٽب ڀ )ٽبٵ ڂخ(. muscles ٽب ٺي ) ٥ الد(. )1 G ثقفخ ؾب خ ر طك ط ٵپب gold عڈٹل )مڅت( e ٹڈ أرى ث ٦ لڅب j ى ب ر طك ٽضٸ, i, y. edge Egyptian )2 أٽب أر ثؿذ ب n, th أڇ ا بهح( 3( أٽب أر ثؿذ ب length ٹڂش ) ڈٷ(. : h ف ب ٠ خ ا ى خ زٶڈٿ بٽزخ )الرڂ ( ٽضٸ sign ب ڀ ) ٥ الٽخ أ( رڂ ٽضٸ enough اځب ) ٶٮ (. high څبي ) ٥ بٹ ( straight H K ا ذه ذ )ٽ زٲ ټ(. أؽ ١ ب ب ال ٠ طك ٵپب hour أڇه ) ب ٥ خ( honest أڇځ ذ )أٽ ڀ(. ال ر طك اما عبء ث ٦ لڅب n ال ر طك L أڇٷ اٹٶٺپخ ٽضٸ knife ث ٦ اٹٶٺپبد اٹز چب اٹزوٵ جبد ) جب و( half څب )ځ ( could ٵڈك )ٽپٶڀ( [Meena]. ځب ) ٶ ڂخ(. alk, alf, ould ة( أڇ ال رڂ ٽضٸ ٽضٸ chalk ر ڈٳ N ال ر طك اما عبءد ث ٦ ل m P أؽ ١ ب ب ال ر طك ٵپب ٽضٸ column ٵڈالٻ ) ٥ پڈك(. h ب ٶڈٹڈع أٽب ٹڈ عبء ث ٦ لڅب psychology phosphor ٮڈه. زڂ ٽضٸ
ةأ rose هڇى )ڇهكح( disease ك ي ي 1( ر طك ص ٹڈ عبءد ث ڀ ؽو ڀ ٽزؾوٵ ڀ ٽضٸ S disappear ك أث و )ٽو ( ى ٠ غزض ٽڀ څنڃ اٹٲب ٥ لح dis ٹپب رؤر ثلا خ ٵٺپخ ٽضٸ ) قزٮ (. ٽضٸ. usually )2 أؽ ١ ب ب ر طك j ٽضٸ fish ) پٴ(. 3( أؽ ١ ب ب ر طك ػ ٽضٸ sugar ڈعو ) ٶو( ڇفب خ ٹڈ أرى ث ٦ لڃ h 4( أؽ ١ ب ب ال ر طك ٵپب island آ الځل )عي وح(. 1( ر طك ػ اما أرى ث ٦ لڅب ion ٽضٸ action أٵ ڀ )ؽوٵخ(. T ځ ز و ) ج ٦ خ(. 2( أؽ ١ ب ب ر طك رؼ ٽضٸ nature 3( أؽ ١ ب ب ال ر طك ٵپب often أڇ ڀ )ٽواها( ڇ listen ٹ ڀ ) زپ ٤ (. ر طك س أڇ م ٽضٸ mouth ٽبڇ ) ټ( ڇ father بىه ( ). 4( ڇاما عبء ث ٦ لڅب h څڈڇ ٽضٸ write ها ذ ) ٶزت( who أڇ h ڇث ٦ لڃ r ال ٠ طك اما عبء أڇٷ اٹٶٺپخ W )ٽڀ(. ٠ طك X عض ٹڈ أرى ث ٦ لڃ ؽو ٽزؾوٳ ٽضٸ exactly اعياٵزٺ )ثبٹ ج (. و بد ب خ ؿب ١ ب Important words and their meanings [Meena] ا ٢ أخز و بد وض ١ شح االعزخذا ف ا ؾ ١ بح ؾب خ ج ثخ أ غ ؿخ ؿب : H.W. ) وڇهي ؽٮ ٢ چټ ع لا علا اٹڂ ٽ ٤ اٹپ ٦ بځ ٽ ٤ اال زچغبء ) [Meena] It is very important to study them by heart, their - 12 -
pronunciation, meanings and their spelling. (H.K.) وڇٯ اٹ پ, sunrise اٹٮغو (day-break) : dawn أ لبد ا ١ Times of the day ٩ وڇة, sunset ث ٦ ل اٹ ٢ چو, afternoon اٹ ٢ چو, noon اٹ جبػ, morning // today ځ اٹٺ ٸ, midnight اٹٺ ٸ, night اٹپ بء, evening اٹ پ ٩ لا ٹ ال, tomorrow night ٩ لا, tomorrow څنڃ اٹٺ ٺخ, tonight اٹ ڈٻ )اځچبهكح ), اٹضالصبء, Tuesday االصڂ ڀ : Monday أ ٠ ب االعج ؼ [Meena] Week days, اٹ جذ, Saturday اٹغپ ٦ خ, Friday اٹقپ, Thursday األهث ٤ Wednesday األؽل Sunday, ٽبه, March جوا و, February ڂب و : January ا ؾ س Months, أ ٩, August ڈٹ خ, July ڈځ خ, June ٽب ڈ, May أثو ٸ April ك پجو, December ځڈ پجو, November أٵزڈثو, October جزپجو September. (H.K.) الؽع أ ٵٸ أ بٻ اال جڈ ٣ ڇٵٸ اٹ چڈه كا پب ٶزجڈا ة Capital ٽچپب ٵبٿ ٽڈٱ ٦ چټ اٹغپٺخ., اٹ, summer اٹوث ٤ : spring ا اع )ا فق ي ) [Meena] Seasons اٹ زبء, winter اٹقو (fall) autumn Cardinal Numbers األؾذاد األف ١ خ : One 1, two 2, three 3, four 4, five 5, six 6, seven 7, eight 8, nine 9, ten 10, eleven 11, - 13 -
twelve 12, thirteen 13, fourteen 14, fifteen 15, sixteen 16, seventeen 17, eighteen 18, nineteen 19, twenty 20, twenty-one 21, twenty- two 22.... twenty nine 29, thirty 30, forty 40, fifty 50, sixty 60, seventy 70, eighty 80, ninety 90, one hundred 100, one hundred and one 101, one hundred and two 102, two hundred and one 201, one thousand 1000, one thousand and one 1001, one million (A million) 1000000, two millions, one billion (A billion). : األؾذاد ا زشر ١ ج ١ خ [Meena] Ordinal numbers ڇڅڂب ڂٶزت ثڂٮ رور ت األ ٥ لاك اٹ بثٲخ ڇالؽ ٠ أځڂب الثل كائپب أٿ ځ ٤ the أڇال. The first األڇٷ, the second اٹضبځ, --- third اٹضبٹش, --- fourth, seventh اٹ بك, sixth اٹقبٽ --- fifth, اٹواث ٤-14 -, ninth, eightth, اٹ بث ٤ tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth, twentieth, twentyfirst, twenty-second, twenty-ninth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth, hundredth, hundred and first, hundred and second, two hundred and first, thousandth, thousand and first, the millionth, the two millionth, the billionth,. ٱجٸ األف و, the last but one األف و the last, صالس ٽواد, thrice = three times ٽور ڀ, twice = two times ٽوح Once. ٽئخ ٽوح, hundred times أهث ٤ ٽواد four times 5, أ ٦ ب, five fold 4 أ ٦ ب, quadruple 3 أ ٦ ب, triple اٹ ٦ Double. ٽئخ the centuple ٦
. ځ, half صٺش, one third هث ٤ A quarter = one fourth ا ؿبئ خ األلبسة [Meena] (H.K.) Family and kindred Father Mother أة Son أٻ Girl اثڀ ثڂذ Daughter Brother اثڂخ Sister أؿ Boy أفذ ڇٹل Husband Wife ىڇط Baby ىڇعخ Man ه ٤ هعٸ Child Aunt ٮٸ ٥ پخ فبٹخ Uncle ٥ ټ فبٷ Woman اٽوأح [Meena] Food األو Meals Oil ڇعجبد Fruits ى ذ Barley ڈاٵڄ ٦ و Grains Breakfast ؽجڈة Lunch به ٩ لاء Potato ث ب Supper ٥ بء Bread Wheat فجي Flour ٱپؼ كٱ Honey ٥ ٸ أث Olive Grapes ى زڈٿ ٥ ڂت Salad ٺ خ Milk Rice ٹجڀ Water أهى Pickles ٽبء ٽقٺٸ. H.Wاٵزت Translation : Write the English meaning of the following words اٹپ ٦ ڂى االځغٺ يي ٹٺٶٺپبد ا ر خ ڂب و هث ٤ ارڂ ڀ أهث ٤ ٽواد ىڇعخ اٹواث ٤ أٻ اٹضالصبء ى زڈٿ ىڇط اٹ جبػ اٹ ٦-15 -
أة اؿ أفذ Write the Arabic meaning of the following words ٹٺٶٺپبد ا ر خ Honey Child Twelve The Baby Wednesday fifth Aunt Five Summer fold Pickles Twice August One third rice Autumn اٵزت اٹپ ٦ ڂى اٹ ٦ وث G, L, S, T --- ف وؾى ي ا اعت : 1( اٵزت ٱڈا ٥ ل ځ اٹؾوڇ : 2( اٵزت أ بٻ اال جڈ ٣ ڇ ڄڇه اٹ ڂخ ڇاٹپڈا ټ. - 16 -
Level 2 [Meena] (H.K.) ا ٢ أخز و بد وض ١ شح االعزخذا ف ا ؾ ١ بح ؾب خ ج ثخ أ غ ؿخ ؿب : اځ ٽ ٤ اال زچغبء ) ) وڇهي ؽٮ ٢ چټ ع لا علا اٹڂ ٽ ٤ اٹپ ٤ H.W. (H.K.) It is very important to study them by heart, pronunciation, meanings and spelling. عغ اال غب (H.K.) The human body ٹؾ خ Beard األځ Nose اٹ ٦ و Hair اٹوأ Head أ ڂبٿ Teeth ټ Mouth أمٿ ٥ ڀ Ear Eye ٹ بٿ ١ ڄه Tongue Back هعٸ Leg ل Hand - 17 -
ٴ Jaw أ بث ٤ Fingers عٺل Skin ڇعڄ Face ٮب Lips هڇػ Spirit كٻ Blood ځٮ Soul Traveling - 18 - ا غفش عڈاى Passport ٱ به Train بئوح Airplane ٮو Vacant واٽٸ Brake اٹوؽ ٸ Departure اٹڈ ڈٷ Arrival رنٵوح Ticket ٵبڇر Tyre و ٥ خ Speed كهعخ Class ارغبڃ Direction ٮ ڂخ Ship ٽٶزت Office ا ز ٦ الٽبد Inquiries اٹغپوٳ Customs Occupations [Meena] فبٹ غبئف ٥ ٶوي Soldier كٵزڈه Doctor ٽچڂل Engineer ٽله Teacher بئ Driver ٽؾبٽ Lawyer ٽپضٸ Actor ٱب Judge ا مبساد (H.K.) Continents أڇهڇثب Europe أٽو ٶب America أ و ٲ ب Africa أ زواٷ Australia ب Asia آ ب ا ذ ي ا غ غ ١ بد Countries and nationalities أٽو ٶبځ American أٽو ٶب America ٽ وي Egyptian ٽ و Egypt ڈهي Syrian ڈه ب Syria ٺ ڂ Palestinian ٺ ڀ Palestine اځغٺ يي English اځغٺزوا England أهكځ Jordanian األهكٿ Jordan ڂ Chinese اٹ ڀ China وځ French وځ ب France ڈځبځ Greek اٹ ڈځبٿ Greece أٹپبځ German أٹپبځ ب Germany ىزت ا جش ٠ ذ Post office
٥ ڂخ Sample أعوح Postage بث ٤ Stamp عڈاة Letter ا زپبهح Form اٹوا ٸ ١ و Sender Envelope اعوح Fee Banking (H.K.) - 19 - أؾ بي ا ج ن ٽ ٦ لٷ Rate ڇك ٦ خ Deposit ؽ بة Account ٴ Cheque ٺٮخ Loan ٽٶ ت Profit ف بهح ٥ پ ٸ Loss Client پ به Broker ؾت Withdraw هأ پبٷ Capital بئلح Interest ا فضبئ ا شرائ Virtues and vices ؽٶ ټ Wise ا پبٿ Faith ؽٶپخ Wisdom جو Patience عبڅٸ Fool ؽ ل Envy ٵنة Lying فڈ Fear Architecture (H.K.) ؿ بس )ؾ بسح ) ر پ ټ Design ڈة ٩ و خ Bricks Room ٽڂيٷ House ٽجڂى Building فو بځخ Concrete ٺت ٥ پڈك Steel Column : Homonyms ڇڅ ٵٺپبد ٽز بثچخ اٹڂ ڇاٹچغبء ڇٹٶڂچب ٽقزٺٮخ اٹپ ٦ ڂى. كها بد ٽٲوه [Meena] Course ف ڀ Coarse و خ ٩ ڂ پخ Prey ٺ (H.K.) Pray ٲٺٸ قٮ Lessen كه Lesson رپبٽب ځچبئ ب Quite څبكئ بٵذ Quiet ٹٺج ٤ For sale جؾو To sail رقٮ Lightening ثوٯ ا بءح Lightning ٥ ضخ Mite ٱلهح ٱڈح Might قوط ٽڀ ڂجض Proceed ج Precede ٲ Ceiling فزټ Sealing
Stare Stair جؾٺ ٺپخ Principal Principle هئ ځب ١ و ٽجلأ هأي Site Sight ٽڈٱ ٤ ٽڈ ٤ ٽڂ ٢ و ٽ چل Tail Tale م ٸ ٱ خ : Synonyms ڇڅ ٵٺپبد ٽقذ ٹٮخ اٹڂ ڇاٹچغبء ٹٶڂچب ٹچب ٽ ٦ ڂى ٽزٲبهة. ر به څڈاء Draught ر به ٽبء أڇ ٵچوثبء [Meena] Current أ بث ٤ اٹٲلٻ Toes أ بث ٤ اٹ ل Fingers ٥ بكح عپب ٥ خ ٥ بكح Custom وك خ Habit ١ ٸ ف بٷ ١ ٸ Shadow )اٹ غوٽضال ) ٶ )رٮبؽخ( Pare ٲ و )ثورٲبٹخ ) Shade Peel ٽزؾوٳ Movable ٽزڂٲٸ Mobile ث ىي األ ٮبٷ Childlike ج بځ رب ڄ Childish ٦ پٸ (H.K.) ٦ پٸ Do ڂ ٤ Make ڇث ٦ اٹٶٺپبد اٹز ؤر ٱجٺچب make ڇع ل څڂب أٿ ځنٵو ث ٦ اٹٶٺپبد اٹز ؤر ٱجٺچب ---. do -,كڇ خ - noise,ث زيا - a pizza,ٱواه - a decision,ف ؤ Make : - a mistake.ف plans Do :.ٽ ٦ وڇ - me a favor, واء - some shopping,ڇاعت - your homework ا غ اثك ا اؽك Prefixes and suffixes - 20 -
ڇٵض و ٽڀ اٹٶٺپبد ب اٹ چب عيء اٹجلا خ پى prefix أي اٹ ڈاث ٽضٸ : أڇ عيء اٹڂچب خ پى [Meena].suffix Prefixes --- Bi (two) ex: bicycle.كهاعخ / Re (again,ربځ back هعڈ ٣ ١ چو ) ex: return وع ٤.رٺ وا, telegraph رٺ ٮي ڈٿ ) ex: television ٽڀ ث ٦ ل Tele (from far away. ني أٱٸ underfed, ل ٤ أٱٸ ex: underpay ( ٩ و ٵب Under (insufficient اٹڈٱذ اال ب overtime,ؽپٸ أٵضو ٽڀ ex: overload (أٵضو ٽڀ Over (more than. قجو ثبٹ ئ ٱجٸ ؽلڇصڄ ex: foretell (ٱجٸ Fore (before ث ٦ اٹ ڈاث ر ٦ اٹڂٮ like: -- Some prefixes give the meaning of negation, ٽضٸ : / ٮ ٸ ٮٴ ڇ ٺخ / Dis ex: disconnect ٩ و ٽپٶڀ ٽ زؾ ٸ Im ex: impossible /. ئ چټ / Mis ex: misunderstand ال پٶڀ ر ل ٲڄ Un ex: unbelievable ٩ و / Il ex: illegal ٩ و ځ / In ex: inactive ال پٶڀ ٽٲبڇٽزڄ Ir ex: irresistible أي اٹٺڈاؽ ڇمٹٴ ٽضٸ ٵٸ اٹٺڈاؽ و ٥ اٹز ر زقلٻ رٶڈ ڀ ا پبء : Suffixes --- ڇ ٮبد ڇ ١ وڇ ڇ ڈ ځله چټ أ ب څنا اٹٶزبة ڇمٹٴ ٽضٸ : ) پٶڀ -able ex: readable / )أٽو ٶ ٽ وي ) American -an, ian ex: Egyptian, ٱوائزڄ ) -ness (kindness) جخ, -ship (friendship) لاٱخ, -hood (childhood) -ist, ا زواٵ خ )اعڂپب ٥ خ ) (socialism) -ism, فجبى (bakery) -ry, ٮڈٹخ -, ٽ ٦ ٺڈٽبد (information) -ation, افزوا ٣ (invention) -ion, ٥ بٹټ (scientist) - 21 -
ance (ignorance) عچٸ, -ency (presidency) هئب خ, -r (maker) بځ ٤, -er /. ٽپضٸ (actor) -ar / -or. H.Wاٵزت Translation : Write the English meaning of the following words اٹپ ٦ ڂى االځغٺ يي ٹٺٶٺپبد ا ر خ ٽچڂل أٽو ٶب ٽ وي ٽ ٦ پبه ب لح بث ٤ ل ٹٺج ٤ ٦ و ڇعڄ پٶڀ واٽٸ ٱوائزڄ كهاعخ جخ ٺٮخ Write the Arabic meaning of the following words ٹٺٶٺپبد ا ر خ House Tele African Profit Blood China Wisdom Direction Lawyer Unbelievable Form Fee lesson letter Europe اٵزت اٹپ ٦ ڂى اٹ ٦ وث Time ا غبؾخ )ا لذ ) - 22 -
ڂؤفن و ٲخ مٵو اٹ ب ٥ خ ٽضبٷ ڇٹ ٶڀ ٽڀ اٹ ب ٥ خ اٹ بث ٦ خ اٹ اٹ ب ٥ خ اٹضبٽڂخ ڇځنٵوڅب British [Meena] American (H.K.) ٵٸ فپ كٱبئ ڇمٹٴ ثبٹ و ٲز ڀ اٹجو بځ خ ڇاألٽو ٶ خ. ثبٹپ وي In #s اٹ بث ٦ خ Seven o'clock Seven o'clock 7:00 عبثؿخ ڇفپ خ Five past seven Seven five 7:05 بث ٦ خ ڇ ٥ وح Ten past seven Seven ten 7:10 بث ٦ خ ڇهث ٤ Fifteen past seven Seven fifteen 7:15 بث ٦ خ ڇرٺذ Twenty past seven Seven twenty 7:20 Twenty five past seven Seven twenty five بث ٦ خ ڇځ اال 7:25 فپ خ بث ٦ خ ڇځ Half past seven Seven thirty 7:30 Thirty five past seven Twenty to eight Fifteen to eight Seven thirty five Seven forty (H.K.) Seven forty five بث ٦ خ ڇځ 7:35 ڇفپ خ ر ب ١ خ اال رٺذ 7:40 رپبځ خ اال هث ٤ 7:45 رپبځ خ اال ٥ وح Ten to eight Seven fifty 7:50 Five to eight Seven fifty five رپبځ خ اال فپ خ 7:55 رپبځ خ Eight o'clock Eight o'clock 8:00-23 -
ٹڈ ؽل ؤٷ asks: So If someone ٽب څڈ اٹڈٱذ ا ٿ now? / What is the time أڇ / Or ٽب اٹڈٱذ it? What time is ځغبڇة ٱبئٺ ڀ [Meena] We answer saying: اٹڈٱذ ا ٿ.. is /Or / The time now اٹڈٱذ څڈ.. is / Or / The time اٹڈٱذ څڈ.. is It څڈ H.W. ٵوا اٹڈاعت اٵزت ثبالځغٺ يي ثبٹؾوڇ ڇثبألهٱبٻ أڇٱبد اٹ ب ٥ خ ٵٸ 5 كٱبئ ٽڀ اٹ ا ٥ خ 12 اٹ 12:30 ڇٽڀ 5:35 اٹ 6:00 Write the time every 5 minutes from 12 to 12:30 and from 5:35 to 6:00 ؽش ف ا غش [Meena] Prepositions ڂؤفن ث ٦ ػهڇ اٹغو ا الؽبد صبثزخ ثچب ٽ ٤ ٽ ٦ بځ چب صټ ث ٦ األٽضٺخ عپٸ صټ ڂؤفن ٵٺپبد رؤر ٽ ٤ ؽوڇ عو ٽقزٺٮخ ز و اٹپ ٦ ڂى ڇأ ب أٽضٺخ ٥ ٺ چب عپٸ. ثشعبء ا زوش ) الر غ ( أ اخزقبس someone ع ١ ى so. اخزقبس something ع ١ ى sth. At (H.K.) At present At the moment اٹڈٱذ اٹؾب و څنڃ اٹٺؾ ٢ خ At first - last األڇٷ ا فو - least - most ٥ ٺى األٱٸ ٥ ٺى األٵضو - 24 -
- once - hand اٹزڈ ؽبال ٽزڂبڇٷ اٹ ل Look at Gaze (stare) at ڂ ٢ و اٹى جؾٺ Surprised at - Shocked اځلڅ ٽڀ لٻ ة - Amazed - Astonished ر ٦ غت ٽڀ ر ٦ غت اځلڅ - Good - Bad ٵڈ ڇؽ Excellent - ٽپزبى Brilliant - الٽ ٤ (H.K.) - Clever - Slow مٵ ث ئ - Quick - Hopeless و ٤ الهعبء ڄ - Pleased - Angry ٦ ل ة ٩ جبٿ ٽڀ - Laugh - Smile ؾٴ ٥ ٺى جز ټ ٷ پضال ٹڈ ٤ څنڃ اال الؽبد عپٸ ځٲڈٷ : أځ ٢ و اٹ څنا [Meena] Look at this اځچب ٽ ڈٹخ څنڃ اٹٺؾ ٢ خ She is busy at the moment څڈ ٵڈ االځغٺ يي He is good (excellent, bad,....) at English to ٽقزٺ ٥ ڀ ٽ ٦ ڂبڅټ ٽ ٤ --- صټ ڈعل ٵٺپبد ٽضٸ throw" "shout, ٶڈٿ ٽ ٦ ڂبڅټ ٽ ٤ at shout at so. (when being angry) / shout to so. (to : (H.K.) ڂٲڈٷ ٽضال hear) : to throw sth. at so. or sth.(to hit) / throw sth. to so. (to give it ڇٵنٹٴ ځٲڈٷ him) - 25 -
ٻ صال ٹڈ ٱٺڂب He shouted at them ڇٹڈ ٱٺڂب she threw it to him ٶڈٿ ٽ ٦ ڂبڅب : څڈ ى ٥ ٹچټ پڈٿ ٽ ٦ ڂبڅب : څ ؽل زچب ٹڄ. That )2. This اع بء االؽبسح 1( څټ : ٹٺپٮوك اٹٲو ت ٹٺپٮوك اٹج ٦ ل Those )4 ٹٺغپ ٤ اٹٲو ت. ٹٺغپ ٤ اٹج ٦ ل These )3 H.W. ٵوا اٹڈاعت اٵزت ج ٤ ڈاث ٦ ڈا prefixes ٽ ٦ ڂى اٹڂٮ صټ ٵٺپخ ٵپضبٷ ٹٶٸ ٽڂچټ. [Meena] روعټ اٹ اٹ ٦ وث خ : Arabic Translate into Look at this rice He got at least two Level 3 [Meena] (H.K.) ؽش ف ا غش Prepositions څنا اٹجبة ڂؤفن ؽوڇ اٹغو ا الؽبد صبثزخ ثچب ٽ ٤ ٽ ٦ بځ چب صټ ث ٦ األٽضٺخ عپٸ صټ ڂؤفن ٵٺپبد رؤر ٽ ٤ ؽوڇ عو ٽقذ ٹٮخ ز و اٹپ ٦ ڂى ڇأ ب أٽضٺخ ٥ ٺ چب عپٸ. ثشعبء ا زوش ) ال غ ( أ اخزقبس someone - 26 - ع ١ ى so. اخزقبس something ع ١ ى sth.
دا ٠ ب اؽفع و و بد رقبدفه اوزج ب شح ا ىزبة فز ػ ص شح غ ١ جب زؾفع اي spelling )االعز غبء( ؽغ خطه أروش ا طك ع ١ ذا. About [Meena] ٱٺ ث ؤٿ - Worried ٽضبه ؽڈٷ Excited about ٩ ت ٽڀ أعٸ - Upset ٽ وة ث جت - Troubled آ ث جت Sorry about ٽز ب ٷ - Annoyed ڇڅڂب أ ب ڈعل ٵٺپبد قزٺ ٽ ٦ ڂبڅب ٽ ٤ ٥ ڀ about ٽ ٦ ڂبڅب ٽ ٤ ؽوڇ عو أفوډ ٽشٷ : ؾت / care for چزټ ة sth. Care about so. or ٺت / ask for ؤٷ ٥ ڀ Ask about Dream about (details (رٮب ٸ / dream of (being sth. or doing sth.) Hear about (details) / hear of (know that) / hear from (receive a letter or a phone call) Think about (details) (concentrate the mind on) / think of (remember) By (H.K.) پو ٽب ب Walk by پو ة Pass by ٽو ڇڅڈ ٲڈك - Drove ڇٱ ٥ ڂل Stopped by ثبٹ ل خ - chance ثبٹق ؤ - mistake A play - ٵزبة ٵزجڄ.. - book A ٽ وؽ خ ٵزجچب.. ثال أي ڇ ٺخ - no means ثٶٸ اٹ وٯ - all means - 27 -
ثبٹپڂب جخ (H.K.) - the way ڇاؽل ڇاؽل One - one ل ٤ ٵب / pay in cash = pay cash ل ٤ ث ٴ Pay by cheque for ٽڀ أعٸ اهلل - God's sake ٹألثل For ever اٹى ؽ ڀ - a while ٹ ڈٷ اٹ ٦ پو - life جت - Reason اؽز بط ٷ - Need ٹٺٮ به - breakfast امڅت ارپ ى - a walk ٹٺ ناء - lunch ٽ چڈه ة - Famous --- [Meena] Blame so. or sth. for sth. / blame sth. on so. or sth. / / اٹٶٸ الٽڈڃ ٥ ٺى اٹؾبكصخ ex: everybody blamed him for the accident everybody blamed the accident on him اٹٶٸ ځ جڈا اٹؾبكصخ ٹڄ / (H.K.) everybody said he was to blame for the accident - 28 - اٹٶٸ ٱبٷ اځڄ غت اٿ الٻ ٥ ٺى اٹؾبكصخ --- It's time for school / he is going to school / now he is at school. In ځٲ بٿ - Decrease ى بكح - Increase ٲڈ ځٲ Fall- اهرٮب ٣ - Rise ث ؾخ - health ئٽڀ ة - Believe ثبالځغٺ يي - English ٹؾ ٢ خ - a moment ثبٹٶبٽٸ - full ق ب - person Into (H.K.)
- (see) Look - Break ٮؾ ٲزؾټ ٽٶبٿ - Run Run - debt ا لٻ ة ا زلاٿ Of - cause A - Photograph جت ڈهح - Afraid - Proud فب ٽڀ قڈه ة - Jealous - Capable ٩ ڈه ٽڀ ٱبكه ٥ ٺى - Careful - Tired ؽنه ٽڀ ر ٦ جبٿ ٽڀ - Healed - Repent رټ ٮبإڃ ٽڀ زڈة ٥ ڀ - course - Instead ثبٹ ج ٤ ثلال ٽڀ - lot A - piece A ٵض و ٽڀ ٱ ٦ خ ٽڀ ٵبځذ ٵڈ خ ٽڂٴ..) -, stupid It was nice of you (kind of you, good -, silly -, To accuse so. of doing sth. / Man of his word, man of courage. ٽڈ ڈ ٣ هأي, a matter of opinion اٹڈاٱ ٤ A matter of fact On [Meena] - foot - occasion وا ٥ ٺى األٱلاٻ ٽڂب جخ - Congratulate - now From چڂئ ٥ ٺ ٽڀ ا ٿ ب ٥ لا ٹٲل رٶٺپذ ٽ ٦ چب ٥ ٺى اٹزٺ ٮڈٿ I have spoken to her on the phone I'm (I am) not on the phone yet, I haven't got a phone yet T.V. To watch sth. on زٮوط ٥ ٺى ؽبعخ اٹزٺ ٮي ڈٿ [Meena] To listen to sth. on the radio زپ ٤ ٹ ئ اٹواك ڈ - 29 -
On leave أعبىح / on holiday ٥ ٺخ /on business trip هؽٺخ ٥ پٸ / on a trip / on a tour عڈٹخ بؽ خ. (H.K.) / ٥ ٺخ اٹٮٺڈ )اٹقجي ) food) To live on money (or و ٺڈ ٥ ٺى ئ sth. To spend money on زپو Keep on / go on / carry on Out - of kindness - of sight ٽڀ ثبة اٹ جخ افزٮى ٥ ڀ األځ ٢ به - of print - doors ځٮلد اٹ ج ٦ خ اٹقالء - of doubt - it Have ثلڇٿ ٴ اځچڈا اٹپڈ ڈ ٣ To (H.K.) - an end - no end ٹڂچب خ ثال ځچب خ - Look - According چزټ ة ٦ زپل ٥ ٺى ثڂبء ٥ ٺى - Married - Engaged ٽزيڇط ٽڀ ٽق ڈة ٷ ٥ يڇٽخ wedding) / Invitation to a party (or a رٶ و ٹٺ ٦ وث خ Damage to a car ٹؾٮٺخ / اعبثخ ٹٺ ئاٷ / answer to a question ؽٸ ٹٺپ ٶٺخ Solution to a problem ٽٮزبػ ٹٺجبة / key to a door هك ٥ ٺى اٹغڈاة reply to a letter Complain to so. about sth. زٶ ٹ ق ٥ ڀ ئ / (H.K.) ٮ ٸ ئ ٥ ڀ ئ أڇ ٮ ٸ ق ٥ ڀ ق sth. Prefer so. or sth. to so. or Up [Meena] - 30 -
- Speak - to رٶٺټ ث ڈد ٥ بٹ ٹ ب خ - Use - Bring زڂٮن ڂچٴ وث - Wake - Get ؾى ٱټ اځز ت - Give Keep - with ز ٺټ ب و غبهي With - Satisfied - Crowded ٽٶزٮ ة ٽيكؽټ ة / ٥ الٱزڂب ثبهلل الثل اٿ رٶڈٿ ٵبٽٺخ perfect. Our relationship with God must be (ٽ وڇه ث ئ sth. (pleased at ٽ وڇه ٽ ٤ ق أڇ ث ق so. Pleased with Charge so. with an offence (with a crime) / Provide so. with sth. (H.K.) روعټ اٹ اٹ ٦ وث خ H.W. Translate into Arabic They care about her He replied to the letter Write the preposition used after these words: worry a lot. ع ؽ االع بء Plural of nouns 1( ث ٮخ ٥ بٽخ ٥ ڂل عپ ٤ اال پبء ضؽ s ځچب خ اٹٶٺپخ ٽضٸ book, books - 31 -
ٽضٸ z s ss sh ch x : أ( اما اځزچى اال ټ ثؤؽل اٹؾوڇ ا ر خ 2( ڇٹٶڀ ضؽ : es hero, heroes ٱجٺڄ ؽو بٵڀ ٽضٸ o ة( اما اځزچى اال ټ ثؾو. box, boxes y ٱجٺڄ ؽو بٵڀ ڇمٹٴ ث ٦ ل ؽن اٷ y اال پبء اٹز رڂزچى ثؾو ضؽ ies 3( ڇٹٶڀ ٹڈ اٷ y ٱجٺچب ؽو ٽزؾوٳ ر ٢ ٸ ٵپب څ ڇٿ ٤ s ٲ ٽضٸ [Meena] story, stories. ڇمٹٴ ٽضٸ ث ٦ ل ؽن اٷ,f fe ves رؤفن أڇ fe f 4( ڇث ٦ اال پبء اٹز رڂزچ ة / men foot, feet / man, ٽضٸ (H.K.). half, halves / life, lives 5( صټ ڈعل أع بء ال ٠ خضؽ ع ؿ ب م اؾذ صبثزخ ڇمٹٴ. son-in-law, sons-in-law 6( ثؿض االع بء ال رزغ ١ ش ٥ ڂل عپ ٦ چب ٽضٸ. Japanese brother أؿ brothers ٽ ٤ افزال اٹپ ٦ ڂى ٽضٸ 7( ڇٱل ڈعل ٱٺ ٸ ا پبء ٹچټ أوضش ع ؽ أفڈح )أ ٲبء( brethren أفڈح ) عپب ٥ خ ٽ ٦ ڂخ(. )8 ث ٦ اال پبء ١ ظ ع ؽ ٽضٸ : happiness. hope, 9( ڇاٹج ٦ ٶڈٿ دائ ب ف ف ١ غخ ا غ ؽ ٽضٸ.contents, trousers ى دائ ب فشد ٽضٸ. news, mathematics 10( ڇاٹج ٦ ٶڈٿ آخش s means / ٽضٸ mean ڇؽ ئ 11( ڇڅڂبٳ اع بء ٠ زغ ١ ش ؿ ا غ ؽ ف ١ ب ؾ ا فشد ث بئ ٤. good ف و ؽ ڀ / goods وٯ ڇ بئٸ / H.W. write the plural of the following words : (H.K.) اٵزت عپ ٤ اٹٶٺپبد ا ر خ Pen, dish, factory, shoe, knife, - 32 -
(past) (present) Verb "Do"[Meena] ب ٠ do) verb do (to څڈ ر و اٹؾب و ڇاٹپب present pronouns (future) --- ڇاٹپ زٲجٸ ٽ ٤ اٷ ڇٵ ٮ خ ٥ پٸ أ ئٺخ ثڄ ٥ ٺ چب )ڇڅڈ ؽ ڂپب ز ٦ پٸ ٥ پٸ أ ئٺخ ٦ زجو ٵٮ ٦ ٸ ٽ ب ٥ ل( : اٷ ڇاالعبثخ Woman, Chinese, sister-inlaw, Pronouns Pres. Past Future I Do Did Shall do "Do" verb )ٵٮ ٦ ٸ ٽ ب ٥ ل ٲ أي ثپ ٦ ڂى څٸ ڇ اٹڂٮ ٲ ) Verb "Do" in the present (H.K.) Questions Yes, No, Do I eat? Yes, you eat No, you don't You Do Did Will do Do you eat? Yes, I eat No, I don't eat He Does Did Will do Does he eat? She Does Did Will do Does she eat? Yes, eats Yes, eats he she It Does Did Will do Does it eat? Yes, it We Do Did Shall do eats Do we eat? Yes, you eat eat No, he doesn't eat No, she doesn't eat No, it doesn't eat No, you don't You Do Did Will do Do you eat? Yes, we No, we don't eat eat - 33 -
eat They Do Did Will do Do they Yes, they No, they don't eat? eat eat ؿ ا غؤاي األ ي : أ ب آو )ف ا ؾبضش( أڇال أٿ he, she, it كائپب ٽضٸ ث ٦ ؤفنڇا s, es, ies اٷ. present الؽع ا ٢ ر : )1. will ٲ أٽب ثٲ خ اٹ پبئو رؤفن,I we رٶڈٿ ٽ ٤ Shall 2( اٹ ئاٷ we االعبثخ ڇاٹ ٦ ٶ ثبٹ ٦ ٶ ڇٵنٹٴ you اٹ ئاٷ رزؾڈٷ اٹ 3( I )اٹغپ ٤ ( االعبثخ ڇاٹ ٦ ٶ ثبٹ ٦ ٶ. رزؾڈٷ اٹ you does څ افز به doesn't ڇ do not (contraction of) څ افز به don't )4 [Meena]. did not افز به didn't ڇ not ڈاء اٹ ئاٷ أڇ االعبثخ ثبٹڂٮ. ؤر اٹٮ ٦ ٸ اٷ infinitive 5( كا پب ث ٦ ل does ڇ پب ٺ أٽضٺخ أفوډ ٥ ٺى ا زقلاٻ "do" --- أځب أ ٥ پٸ اٹڈاعت homework. Ex.: I do my. right She does what is څ ر ٦ پٸ اٹ ؼ right. He did what is څڈ ٥ پٸ اٹ ؼ They will do it. څټ ٦ پٺڈځچب H.W. Answer the following questions one time with Yes, another with No أعت ٥ ٺى األ ئٺخ اٹزبٹ خ ٽوح ثڂ ٦ ټ ڇٽوح ثال : (H.K.) Does he drink tea? Yes, No, - 34 -
Do I need it? Yes, No, ڂزج ٤ ځٮ اٹق ڈاد ڇ ڂٶزٮ ثبٹز ج ٥ ٺى he,,i ڇثبٹڂ جخ ٹ ٦ پٸ أ ئٺخ ڇأعڈثخ اٷ past پضال ځٲڈٷ : they Pro- Verb "do" in the past nouns Questions Yes (H.K.) No I Did I eat bread? Yes, you ate bread No, you didn't eat bread He Did he eat bread? Yes, he ate bread No, he didn't eat bread They Did they eat bread? Yes, they ate bread No, they didn't eat bread ؿ ا غؤاي األ ي : أ ب و ذ آو خجض )ف ا بض ( رپبٽب الځچټ ؤفنڇا pronouns ٽضٸ ثٲ خ اٷ اٷpast الؽع ا ٢ ر : 1( اٿ he, she, it ٲ ڇٹ اٷ past ڇال اٷ. future اٷ present اٷ,s es, ies ڈاء اٹ ئاٷ أڇ االعبثخ ة no ث ؤر اٷ infinitive 2( كا پب اٷ verb ث ٦ ل did H.W. Answer the following questions with Yes and No : Did she work? Yes, No, Did they see you? Yes, No, - 35 -
ٵٮ ٦ ٸ ٽ ب ٥ ل ٲ ٹٶڀ ٽب ٺ څڈ وػ ٷ verb الؽع اٿ ٵٸ ٽب ج څڈ وػ ٷ "Do" verb ٲ ( : "Do" ٵٮ ٦ ٸ ٽ ب ٥ ل ڇٵٮ ٦ ٸ ٽ ٦ ڂبڃ " ٮ ٦ ٸ أڇ ٦ پٸ" )ڇمٹٴ اٷ present ڇ اٷ past "Do" Verb )وفؿ غبؾذ / وفؿ ث ؿ ٠ ؿ ) Pro- Questions Yes (H.K.) No nouns In the present I Do I do my Yes, you do your No, you don't do your - work? work - He Does he do his -- Yes, he does his -- No, he doesn't do his -- They Do they do their - - Yes, they do their -- No, they don't do their -- In the past I Did I do my work Yes, you did your -- No, you didn't do your -- He Did he do his -- Yes, he did his -- No, he didn't do his -- They Did they do their Yes, they did their -- No, they didn't do their -- -- ٽور ڀ ٵٸ عپٺخ ) اٹ ئاٷ ڇ اٹڂٮ ٲ الؽع ا ٢ ر : 1( ا زقلاٽبد do, does, did ڇٹ ٽ ٤ )yes ٽوح ٵٮ ٦ ٸ ٽ ب ٥ ل ڇٽوح ٵٮ ٦ ٸ ثپ ٦ ڂى ٦ پٸ.. 2( ڇځٮ اال ٺڈة ځ جٲڄ ٽ ٤ ثٲ خ اٹ پبئو (pronouns) - 36 -
H.W. Answer the questions with Yes and No Does he do it? Yes, No, Did she do it? Yes, No, " ٦ پٸ " ٲ ٵپب ز ؼ ٽڀ اٹغلڇٷ أٽب اٷ future بٿ "Do" verb ا ر : ؤر ٵٮ ٦ ٸ ثپ ٦ ڂى "Do" Verb )وفؿ ث ؿ ٠ ؿ فمط ) In the future (H.K.) I Shall I do my -- Yes, you will do your -- No, you'll not do your - He Will he do his -- Yes, he'll do his -- No, he'll not do his -- They Will they do their -- Yes, they'll do their - - - No, they'll not do their -- )1 ا زقلاٻ "Do" الؽع ب : ٵٮ ٦ ٸ ة ٽ ٦ ڂى ٦ پٸ ٲ.. 2( كا پب not اٹڂٮ ثزؤر ث ٦ ل shall ڇ will H.W. Answer the questions with Yes and No (H.K.) Will you do them? Yes, No, - 37 -
Shall we do them? Yes, No, ب : ا قذس (infinitive) س الؽع أ ٠ ضب ؾ غخ ب خ أ ب دائ ب ثؿذ ا ى بد ا ٢ ر ١ خ أر ثب فؿ ف Shall, should, will, would, may, might, can, could, to. : ؾبدصبد [Meena] Conversations Introducing : Hi, I'm Ahmed / hi Ahmed I'm Magdy (hi Ahmed my name is Magdy). --- George, this is Aly, Aly this is George / nice to meet you Aly / nice to meet u too, what do you do George? / I'm a writer, and you? (what about you?) (and what do you do?) / I'm an accountant. / Haven't we met before? / yes, I think we have. (H.K.) H.W. (C.W.) Pair practice : Each 2 introduce yourselves to each other ٵٸ اصڂ ڀ ٲلٽڈا أځٮ چټ ٹجH.K.) ٦ ) - 38 -
Then each 3, ڇث ٦ ل مٹٴ ٵٸ 3 Level 4 [Meena] (H.K.) ثؿض ا ى بد رأر ؽ ؽش ف ا غش ا ؿطف أ ؽ و بد أخش فزؿط ؿ خز ف : - 39 -
Back [Meena] هع ٤ Give back اهع ٤ Get back اهٽ ٹٺقٺ - Throw اؽغي Hold back Fire أ ٦ ٸ اٹڂبه sth. Set - to ٮئ اٹڂبه - the Put out اٹڂبه ا ٮؤد The - is out أ ٦ ٸ ځبها - on Set Get أفوط - out اكفٸ Get in غبهي - on with اڅوة افٺ ٤ - off ٲج ٥ ٺى - hold of غزبى ٽڀ فالٷ - through هڇػ اٹج ذ - home زٮڈٯ ٥ ٺى - advantage of Go (H.K.) ٵپٸ ٽبرٮ ٦ ٺڄ - ahead زج ٤ - after ٸ - astray زغبڇى - beyond Lay لفو - up ٦ و ٥ ٺى - before ورت - out ٤ - down پ ٴ - hold of ٲج ٥ ٺى - hand on Look چزټ ة - to ڂ ٢ و اٹ - at اؽزو - out ٮؾ - into - 40 -
جؾش ٥ ڀ - for ز ٮؼ ث ه ٥ خ - over ٮز ٥ ٺى - up زوٱت - out for ڂ ٢ و ؽڈٹڄ - about ڈك ٣ - off ٦ زڂ ة - after ؾڂٲو ز ٦ بٹى ٥ ٺ - down upon Use ث ٸ ا ز ٦ پبٷ - of Out ځب ٤ ٽٮ ل - Of ٵبٿ ٽز ٦ ڈك ٥ ٺى he used to زڂٮن ڂچٴ To up He is used to ٽز ٦ ڈك ٥ ٺى I used to get up early when I was a child, but now I don't. أځب ٵڂذ ٽز ٦ ڈك اٿ ا ز ٲ ٠ ٽجٶوا ٹپب ٵڂذ ٮال ڇٹٶڀ ا ٿ أل I am used to getting (to get) up early in the morning because I've done أځب ٽز ٦ ڈك أ ز ٲ ٠ ٽجٶواالځ أ ٦ ٸ څنا ٽڂن زوح ڈ ٺخ long. this for so Drop [Meena] يڇه ؤر Drop in ڂبٻ ؼ Drop off اٹٶؤ ٲ ٽڂ ڇاځٶ و broke. I dropped the cup and it We couldn't take him all the way, so we dropped him off at the station. ٹټ ځ ز ٤ اٿ ځڈ ٺڄ ٵٸ اٹ و ڂيٹڂبڃ ٥ ڂل اٹپؾ خ. My husband always drops off a few minutes in the afternoon. (H.K.) ىڇع كائپب ڂبٻ ) ؼ( كٱبئ ٱٺ ٺخ ث ٦ ل اٹ ٢ چو. ٹپبما الرؤر څڂب أؽ بځب ٹزواځب sometimes. Why don't you drop in and see us اعزخذا ؽش ف عش ؽ ا لذ [Meena] At / on / in (time) - 41 -
ثبٹٺ ٸ / at night ٽڂز اٹٺ ٸ At : At 5:00 o'clock / at 11:45 / at midnight / at lunch time ڇٱذ اٹ ناء / at the week-end ځچب خ اال جڈ ٣ / at week-ends / ٥ ڂل اٹٶو پب / at Christmas ځچب بد اال ڈ ٣ /at the moment زواد اٹ ٦ الد اٹو پ خ at public holiday seasons اٹڈٱذ اٹؾب وpresent / at څنڃ اٷ ٹؾ ٢ خ / at the same time ځٮ اٹڈٱذ / at the proper time اٹڈٱذ اٹ ٺ ټ / at the age ڂزٲبثٸ اٹ ب ٥ خ Ex.: We shall meet at 11:45 11:45 ٥ پو of ځ زقلٽچب ٣ ځلٽب On : (Simply we use "on" when we mean a specific day ڈٻ اٹغپ ٦ خ )أ بٻ اٹغپ ٤ ) Friday(s) / on 12 ٽبه On 12 March :(ځزٶٺټ ٥ ڀ ڈٻ ٽؾلك / on Friday morning(s) / on Sunday afternoon(s) / on Christmas day / on any public holiday / on the third day ) اٹ ڈٻ اٹضبٹش (. (H.K.) كا پب ٥ ڂلڅټ ٽٲبثالد أ بٻ اٹغپ ٦ خ Fridays. Ex.: They always have meetings on In : (Simply we use "in" with months, years, seasons or any long period) : in the morning(s) / in the afternoon(s) / in the evening(s) / In the days of.. / In April/ in 1960 / in the winter / in the 18 th century / اٹٲوٿ 18 / اٹ ٦ ڈه اٹڈ ى / in the Middle Ages ٽڀ 1970 اٹ in the 1970s 1980 In a few minutes = few minutes from now [Meena] In a week = in a week's time = a week from now ؤځچ ڄ كٱبئ ٱٺ ٺخ minutes. Ex.: I'll finish it in a few أكفٸ 3 ٽڀ اٹٶٺپبد اٹ بثٲخ عپٸ : in Put 3 of these words Ex.: I went there on Monday morning. (H.K.) H.W. sentences - 42 -
1) 2) 3) ثؿض ل اؾذ ا ىزبثخ Some Rules of Writing [Meena] - 43 - --- ع ١ ذ أ زوش ثؿض ل اؾذ ا ىزبثخ ا جغ ١ طخ ا ز رغبؾذ ب وض ١ شا : )1 ا ى خ ا ز ١ خ ثؾشف عبو لج ؽشف زؾشن زټ رٶواه اٹؾو اٹ بٵڀ األف و اما أ آفو اٹٶٺپخ ٽٲ ٤ أڇٹڄ ؽو ٽزؾوٳ ٽضٸ. drop dropped, big bigger )2 ا ى خ ا ز ١ خ ثؾشف ؽو ڄ ٽزؾوٳ ٽضٸ ال ٠ طك e write writing ڇٹٶڀ ضز ڂى ٽڀ څنڃ اٹٲب ٥ لح اٹٶٺپبد اٹپڂزچ خ ة زټ اٹ بءڃ اما أ آفو اٹٶٺپخ ٽٲ ٤ أڇٷ ٽضٸ ce, ge Peace peaceable, courage courageous [Meena] )3 ا ى خ ا ز ١ خ ثب ؾشف ١ ڂٲٺجبٿ اٹ y ie اما أ اٹ چب ing lie ٽضٸ : lying, die dying, tie tying ا ى خ ا ز ١ خ ثؾشف y لج ؽشف عبو I ڂٲٺت اٹ ٩ و ing ٽضٸ : اما أ اٹ چب أي ٽٲ ٤ Beauty beautiful, easy easily, carry carrier.
A, An, and The - 44 - A, An أٽب زقلٽبٿ ٹٺڂٶوح indefinite The ر زقلٻ ٹٺپ ٦ و خ. definite An --- ڇأ ب ٱجٸ ؽو h ر زقلٻ ٱجٸ اٹٶٺپبد اٹز رجلأ ثؾو ٽزؾوٳ اما ٵبٿ ال ڂ ٽضٸ an hour (vowel) ڇڅټ a e i o u أٽب A A, An --- ٹچپب ٽ ٦ ڂى one ڇثبٹزبٹ زقلٽبٿ ٽ ٤ اٹپٮوك ٲ ر زقلٻ ٽ ٤ ثٲ خ اٹٶٺپبد. )ڇٹٶڀ ٹ ٽ ٤ ٵٸ اٹپٮوك ڇفب خ ٵض و ٽڀ اٷ ) uncountable nouns اال اما أ ٮڂب ٵٺپخ أفوډ ال ځٲڈٷ a bread ثٸ ځٲڈٷ. a piece of bread أڇ a loave of bread A --- ثزؤر ٽ ٤ ث ٦ ٵٺپبد ر و اٹ و ١ خ ٽضٸ : a few weeks, a lot of people, a couple of sandwiches --- ٵنٹٴ ځ زقلٻ A, The ٱجٸ اٷ singular countable nouns ٽضٸ I've got a headache. Be careful of the dog. [Meena] The --- ڇڅ ر زقلٻ ثبفز به ؽ ڂپب ځزٶٺټ ٥ ڀ أ بء ٽ ٦ وڇ خ ٹڂب ڇٹٺ بٽ ٤. پضال اما ٵڂب ځزٶٺټ ٥ ڀ ئ ٽ ٦ وڇ ٹٺٶٸ ٽضٸ The police, the sky, the sun, the sea. (H.K.) --- ڇأ ب اما ٵڂب ٩ و خ أڇ ٽڂيٷ أڇ ٸ أڇ ٽله خ أڇ ٽ ٦ ڀ څنا اٹپٶبٿ. --- ڇا ب ٽ ٤ اٹغڂ بد ٽضٸ : ؽل ٲخ أڇ أي ٽٶبٿ ڇځزٶٺټ ٥ ڀ ئ The Egyptian man, The American woman --- أ ب ؽ ڂپب ځزٶٺټ ث ٮخ ٥ بٽخ ٥ ڀ ا پبء اٹغپ ٤ ال ځ زقلٻ The ٽضٸ I love bananas. He likes flowers. --- أ ب the ٱل د ڇ ؼ ٹڂب أؽ بځب ٽباما ٵڂب ځزٶٺټ ٥ ڀ ق أڇ أٵضو پضال اٹغپٺخ :
The owner and manager has come ٶڈٿ اٹپٲ ڈك چب ق ڇاؽل أٽب اٹغپٺخ : The owner and the manager have come ٶڈٿ اٹپٲ ڈك چب ق ڀ. --- ڇ اال زقلاٻ اٹؾ بح ث ٮخ ٥ بٽخ : ځغل the كائپب رؤر ٽ ٤ ٵٺپبد ٽ ٦ ڂخ ٽضٸ The cinema, the theatre, the radio ؽ ڀ ال ځغلڅب رزڈاعل ٽ ٤ ٵٺپبد أفوډ ٽضٸ Television / (all meals like) : breakfast, lunch, dinner, supper. H.W.: Put the right article and /or word in the blanks, or leave it blank : ٤ األكاح ڇ /أڇ اٹٶٺپخ اٹپڂب جخ ٽٶبٿ اٹٮوا ٩ بد أڇ اروٳ اٹٮوا ٧ ٵپب څڈ : [Meena] أٵٺڂب اٹٮ به ٽ ٦ ب together. We ate breakfast They like grapes. څټ ؾجڈٿ اٹ ٦ ڂت We went to cinema. مڅجڂب ٹٺ ڂپب أثڈڃ ڇاٹپله together. His father and teacher will go نڅجڈٿ ٽ ٦ ب lot of trees. ٵض و ٽڀ األ غبه (H.K.) اؽنه اٹٲ خ اٹ و خ garden. Be careful of bad cat in this څنڃ اٹؾل ٲخ - 45 -
Verbs "Be" and "Have" اٹؾب و اٹج present --- ب ٠ څڈ علڇٷ ڄ ر و األ ٦ بٷ اٹپ ب ٥ لح be, have simple future ڇاٹپ زٲجٸ اٹج past simple ڇاٹپب اٹج simple Be [Meena] Have Pronouns Present Past Future Present Past Future I (H.K.) Am Was Shall be Have Had Shall have You Are Were Will be Have Had Will have He, she, it Is Was Will be Has Had Will have We Are Were Shall be Have Had Shall have You Are Were Will be Have Had Will have They Are Were Will be Have Had Will have Pronouns ڇرڈعل اخزقبساد (contractions) ٹپب ؾزڈ ڄ څنا اٹغلڇٷ اٹ ب ڇڅ : Present Be - 46 - Have [Meena] Past Future Present Past Future I I'm --- I'll be I've I'd I'll have You You're --- You'll be You've You'd You'll have
He (H.K.) He's --- He'll be He's He'd He'll have She She's --- She'll be She's She'd She'll have It It's --- It'll be It's It'll have We We're --- We'll be We've We'd We'll have You You're --- You'll be You've You'd You'll have They They're --- They'll be They've They'd They'll he has )ڇٵنٹٴ he is have الؽ ٠ څڂب اٿ افز به ث چڈٹخ ؽ ت بٯ اٹٶالٻ. څڈ ځٮ ڄ افز به )she, it ڇ زټ اٹزپ ي ث ڂچټ ڇٹٮچټ څناٿ اٹغلڇالٿ ڇاٹزپو ڀ ٥ ٺ چپب ځ ٦ ث ٦ األٽضٺخ : I am a teacher I was a teacher I shall be a teacher They were students She will be a doctor He has a car [Meena] He had a car He will have a car We had books You will have books أځب أٵڈٿ ٽله أځب ٵڂذ ٽله أځب ؤٵڈٿ ٽله څټ ٵبځڈا رالٽ ن څ زٶڈٿ كٵزڈهح څڈ ٥ ڂلڃ ٥ وث خ څڈ ٵبٿ ٥ ڂلڃ ٥ وث خ څڈ ٶڈٿ ٥ ڂلڃ ٥ وث خ ځؾڀ ٵبٿ ٥ ڂلځب ٵزت )أځب ٽله ) أځزټ )أځذ( ٶڈٿ ٥ ڂلٵټ ٵزت Translate into English [Meena]: روعټ اٹ االځغٺ ي خ H.W. 1( څ رٶڈٿ ٶور وح - 47 -
2( څ ج جخ 3( څټ ٵبځڈا ٽچڂل ڀ (H.K.) 4( أځذ زٶزت اٹٶزبة 5( څڈ ٥ ڂلڃ ٥ وثخ 6( څټ ٶڈٿ ٥ ڂلڅټ ٵزت ٩ لا 7( أځزټ ٵڂزټ ٺجخ verb - 48 - ڇٹ ٦ پٸ أ ئٺخ ځؤر ثبٷ verb ڂٲڈٷ : ٱجٸ اٷpronoun ڇځزج ٤ ځٮ اال ٺڈة ٵپب ٦ ٺڂب علاڇٷ 1) Am I a teacher? / Yes, you are a teacher. / No, you aren't a teacher. 2) Were they students? / Yes, they were. / No, they weren't students. 3) Will she be a doctor? / Yes, she will / No, she will not. "Do" 4) Has he a car? (Does he have a car?) / Yes, he has a car / yes, he does / no, he hasn't a car / no, he doesn't have a car. (H.K.) 5) Had we books? (Did we have books?) / yes you had books / Yes, you did / no, you didn't have books / No, you hadn't.
6) Will you have books? / Yes, we shall have books / No, we shall not. الؽ ٠ أځڂب اٹ ئاٹ ڀ اٹواث ٤ ڇاٹقبٽ أي األ ئٺخ ة verb have پٶڀ أٿ ځ ؤٷ اٹ ئاٷ ث و ٲز ڀ ؽ ش اٹضبځ خ ا زقلٽڂب. verb do (H.K.): عبڇة ٥ ٺى األ ئٺخ اٹزبٹ خ ٽوح ثڂ ٦ ټ ڇٽوح ثال H.W. Answer the following questions, one time with Yes, another with No : Are you a doctor? Yes,, No, Are you doctors? Yes,, No, Will they be drivers? Yes,, No, Shall I do it? Yes,, No, Conversation [Meena] Meeting : Formal : Good morning (good..) / good morning (good..) / How are you? / I'm fine, thank you. Informal : Hi, how are you today? / fine thanks, what about you / ok. (not bad) (feel tired) (H.K.) - 49 -
--- Hi Sheriff / Hi Zaki / where is Roushdy / he is at home, he has some things to do and won't be able to meet us / ok. let us go and help him / that is a good idea. --- Hello John / oh, hi Ann / how is it going? (how are you?) (how are you doing?) / great (fine thanks) (ok.), John, this is Sue my sister / hi Sue / hi / and this is Mona her friend / hi Mona / hi John. H.W. (C.W.) : Pair practice (each 2) / then each 3 (the last paragraph) ٵٸ ارڂ ڀ زپوځڈا ٽ ٦ ب صټ ٵٸ 3 )ٹٺغيء األف و( Level 5 [Meena] (H.K.) اعزخذا ؽش ف ا غش ؽ ا ىب [Meena] In / At / on (position / place) In : In a (in the) : room, ٩ و خ building ٽجڂى, shop ٽؾٸ, garden,ؽل ٲخ park,, row ځچو, river ثؾو, sea ٽبء, water كڇٹخ, country ٽل ڂخ- ٱو خ town,ٽوٵڀ - 50 -
, ڈهح ڈرڈ ٩ وا خ, photograph ٽوآح mirror,ٵو ثنها ٣ armchair, بثڈه- ف line picture, ڈهح street, به ٣ sky, پبء book.ٵزبة (H.K.) Ex: there is no one in the room. / I prefer to sit in the front row..ٽ ز ٮى, the hospital غڀ prison, و و In : bed At : at a (at the) : bus stop(s) ارڈث,ٽؾ خ traffic light ٽوڇه,ا بهح door bottom of the page,أ ٥ ٺى اٹ ٮؾخ top of the page, جبٳ window,ثبة, end of the street اٹ ٮؾخ back (front) of a group of people (of a building) - 51 - أ ٮٸ, ثلا خ اٹ به ٣, beginning of the street ځچب خ اٹ به ٣ ٽٲلٽخ أڇ ٽئفوح ٽغپڈ ٥ خ ٽڀ meeting,ٽئرپو conference,ؽٮٺخ ٽڈ ٲ خ concert,ؽٮٺخ // party اٹڂب أڇ ٽجڂى [Meena] ٽبر ٵڈهح football match,ٽٲبثٺخ Ex: Were there many people at the meeting? at : home (the house),ٽڂيٷ work, ٸ school,ٽله خ university,عبٽ ٦ خ a څڈ اٹج ذ Ex.: He is at home.ٽ به an airport,ٽؾ خ station ٹڈؽخ, notice board أه خ floor,ؽبئ wall, ٲ On : on a (on the) : ceiling, به left,ٵو chair,رواث يح table,اٹو اٹ ٦ ٺڈي top shelf,ځغ ٺخ grass,اال ٥ الځبد / ٥ ٺى أځٮچب / on her nose اٹغبځت األ و )األ پڀ ) side, left (right) hand پ ڀ right // ٥ ٺى ٮؾخ on a page ٥ ٺى, on a road ٥ ٺى ځچو (on a river ٥ ٺى اٹ بؽٸ --- A place is : on the coast // ٥ ٺى اٹ و ٹپٶبٿ آفو, on the way to another place أڇ, or (اٹ به ٣ ث زڄ ٲ ٤ ٥ ٺى اٹڂچو river. His house is on the هٵڀ ٽڀ ٩ و خ --- Corner : 1) In the corner of a room. ٥ ٺى ځب خ به ٣ 2) At / on the corner of a street --- front / back : 1) In the front / back of a car (or taxi)
( ڂپب / cinema ٽجڂى 2) At the front / back of a group of people (building ٥ ٺى ڇ / ١ چو عڈاة )ڇهٱخ ) paper) 3) On the front / back of a letter (piece of --- Arrive : 1) In a country or town. 2) At other places (school, work, the hotel, the party) 3) Arrive home. ڈ ٸ ٹٺپڂيٷ (H.K.) --- The end (the beginning) : 1) At the end of (at the beginning of) a place or sth.. Ex: At the end of the street / At the beginning of a book. 2) In the end (in the beginning) so. did sth., or, sth. was done, / ا فو ٱوهځب ځ ٦ پٺڄ Ex: In the end we decided to do it In the beginning I thought I would be able to do it, but I couldn't. األڇٷ ا زٶود اځ برپٶڀ ٽڀ ٥ پٺڄ ٹٶڂ ٹټ أرپٶڀ [Meena] --- To (places) : Go to Egypt, travel to America, go to the bank, return to Europe, fly to Moscow, walk to work, drive to the airport, sent to prison, taken to the hospital, go to bed, go to a meeting. --- Home : go home, at home, come home, get home, arrive home., بئوح, plane ٱ به train,ربٵ taxi, ٥ وثخ / by: car ٥ ٺى ٱلٽ ٴ --- Go : on foot. ٽزوڇ األځٮبٯ underground,كهاعخ bicycle,أڇرڈث bus,ثبفوح ship,ٽوٵت boat --- Get : get in (get out of) a car, taxi. [Meena] Get on (get off) a train, plane, boat, ship, bus, bicycle, underground. H.W. Put 4 of the previous words in sentences. got in her car. Ex.: He - 52 -
1) 2) 3) 4) األفؿبي [Meena] Verbs ة اٹ ج ٤ األ ٦ بٷ څ أي ئ ڄ ؽوٵخ أڇ ٥ پٸ زټ ٽضٸ أڇ ثب ٺڈة آفو ځٲڈٷ اٿ أي ٵٺپخ ٽ ٦ ڂبڅب walk, run, speak, eat, write, drink. " ٥ پٸ أڇ ٦ ٸ ئ ٽ ٦ ڀ رٶڈٿ " اال ټ ٵبٿ ٽغوك ا ټ ألي ق أڇ كڇٹخ أڇ أي ئ ٽؾ ڈ أڇ ٽبكي..... ڇاأل ٦ بٷ ځڈ ٥ بٿ: 1( transitive زؿذ : verb ؽ ڀ اٿ ڇڅڈ اٹني ٹڄ ٽٮ ٦ ڈٷ ثڄ ٽضٸ: water. He drank The water drops. الص : ڇڅڈ اٹني ٹ ٹڄ ٽٮ ٦ ڈٷ ثڄ ٽضٸ: intransitive 2( ڇ ڈعل --- أفؿبي غبؾذح Auxiliary verbs ڇڅ اٹز ر ب ٥ لځب : 1( ٥ پٸ أ ئٸح. 4( ڇ ر و 3( ڇ رٶڈ ڀ أىٽڂخ.(tenses) 2( االعبثخ ٥ ٺى أ ئٺخ فب خ اٹڂٮ. األ ٦ بٷ ڇڅ : Be, have, do, can (could), may (might), shall (should), will (would), must ڇڅ ر زقلٻ : 1( ثپ ٦ ڂبڅب ٵٮ ٦ ٸ ٽ زٲٸ. 2( ڇٵٮ ٦ ٸ ٽ ب ٥ ل ٹ ٹڄ ٽ ٦ ڂى فب. Let us take verb "Work", with the pronouns, in the present, past and future Pronouns Present Past [Meena] Future - 53 -
I Work Worked Shall work You Work Worked Will work He Works Worked Will work She Works Worked Will work It Works Worked Will work We Work Worked Shall work You Work Worked Will work They Work Worked Will work H.W. fill the following table in a similar way to this table with verb "eat" اٽأل اٹغلڇٷ اٹزبٹ ثزٮ ا ٺڈة اٹغلڇٷ اٹ بث ٽ زقلٽب اٹٮ ٦ ٸ " ؤٵٸ" (H.K.) Pronouns Present Past Future I (H.K.) You He, She, It We Eat Ate ) ؽ ب ٠ وض ١ ش ا ى بد ا ز ؾخ ؽ ؽش ف عش ز ؾخ )افطالؽبد صبثزخ - 54 - ؿب ١ ب ادخب ب ف ع : ضبي ف ع خ (H.K.) ا ؿ ثب ؿشث االفطالػ Back up I backed up him (him up) in what he said ڂل ؤ ل
Blow up Break down Break in Break out Break up Bring up Close down Come in Come down Come up Count on Cry out Cross off Cut down Cut off Drive off Figure out They want to blow up the car ٮغو The car broke down yesterday جڈ ٦ ٸ A gang broke in the bank this morning ٲزؾټ لفٸ ثٲڈح A prisoner tried to break out of jail چوة ثٲڈح They broke up all what he had ٶ و أڇ ڈٱ ث لح She brought up her children well وث His factory closed down ٲٮٸ فبٹ زڈٱ [Meena] May I come in? لفٸ After he had come down of the mountain, he ڂيٷ went home ٦ ل He came up with a good idea ٺ ٤ ة) ٶوح( ٦ زپل I count on your promise ٥ ٺى us" He cried out saying "help وؿ ؼ ث ڈد ٥ بٹ They crossed off his name ت پؾڈ She tried to cut down swimming ٲٺٸ He cut off the book into pieces ٲ ٤ ڇ ٮ ٸ Drive off this place quickly ڈٯ ٹج ٦ ل Try to figure out what she means ٮچټ زق ٸ - 55 -
Fill in ٽيأل Fill in this form please (H.K.) Find out ٶز ٦ و I can't find out what the cause is Get in Get in the house and bring it to me أكفٸ Get out Get out of my house أفوط Get back Get back home and do your homework اهع ٤ Get through غزبى پو فالٷ Can you get through this narrow door? Go by When you go him, see what he does پو ة Get up Sometimes I get up before 6:00 o'clock ڂچ ٲڈٻ Give away ٦ زقٺ ٽڀ It is good to give away your old clothes to the poor Give up ز ٺټ زڈٱ You must have hope, don't give up Grow up I grew up in the country ڂپڈ Hang up ٲٮٸ اٹ ٶخ He hung up on me Hold on Hold on I'll call him ڂز ٢ و Lay before ٦ و أٽبٻ Lay it before him Lay up lay up treasures in heaven لفو Let down He let her down in front of her friends قغٸ Look at Look at me ڂ ٢ و اٹ Look to He looked to the reward چزټ ة Look into He looked into family matters ٮؾ Look out ؾزو واٱت Look out, it's dangerous - 56 -
Look for جؾش ٥ ڀ look for my pen, I can't find it Look up ٮز ٥ ٺى غل Loop up this word in the dictionary Look off I want to look him off before he leaves ڈك ٣ Look about ڂ ٢ و ؽڈٹڄ Look about try to find something Look after She looked after her father when he was sick چزټ ة Pass away They passed away in a bad accident پڈد Put off (put ٮئ Put off the fire [Meena] out) Send for و ٸ ٺت We send for a doctor right after he had fainted Speak up زٶٺټ ث ڈد ٥ بٹ Speak up that we may hear Take upon ؤفن ٥ ٺى ٥ برٲڄ He takes upon himself to save her oneself Wait at (H.K.) She waits at that table قلٻ Wait for ڂز ٢ و I've been waiting for you for 2 hours Wait on He waits on the Lord قلٻ Phrasal verbs with two صټ أ ٦ بٷ ڇٵٺپبد ٽ ٤ أٵضو ٽڀ ؽو عو )أڇ أٵضو ٽڀ أكاح ) ضبي ف ط خ [Meena] ا ؿ ثب ؿشث االفطالػ Come up with He came up with a good idea ٺ ٤ ة ) ٶوح ) Particles - 57 -
Keep up with Look down upon (on) Cut down on She couldn't keep up with him الؽ غبهي when he was running fast He looks down on some poor ؾزٲو ز ٦ بٹى ٥ ٺ people She cut down on smoking ٲٺٸ H.W. Write the Arabic meanings of any 6 of the previous sentences : )2 )1 )4 )3 )6 )5 ز ؾبد ب خ 1( ٠ ى اعزخذا shall ثذي will ا ؿىظ ف ؽبالد ؿ ١ خ : --- We put shall instead of will when : (H.K.) زؤفن اٹڂٲڈك ٱو جب علا soon. : You shall have the money very ؾذ Promise اما ٦ ٺذ څنا صبځ ب ز ٦ بٱتpunished If you do that again you shall be :ر ذ ٠ ذ Threat - 58 -
ال ر وٯ : You shall not steal أ ش ف ١ خ (command) Order اٹ ٦ لڇ ال غت اٿ پو pass. : The enemy shall not رؾذ ٠ ذ Determination --- We put will instead of shall when : ڂو ٸ ٹچټ څل خ present. Promise : We will send them a ؤك ٤ ثبٹپ ٦ لٷ اٹني رو لڃ. ask : I will pay at the rate you ر ؾ ١ ئخ Willingness --- Shall I? (Shall we?), has often the meaning of "Would you like me to..?" ex: Shall I open the window? --- Will you?, has often the meaning of "Would you like to..?" ex : Will you help me to carry this bag? do you like it? no, I do not like it yes, I do like it he likes it and so do I please do come : : : : do (does, did) : [Meena] : 2( اعزخذا بد ا( ة( ٹ ٦ پٸ ا ئٺخ questions negative for emphasis to avoid repetition for politeness ط( ك( ڃ( ٹٺڂٮ ٹٺزؤٵ ل ٹزغڂت اٹزٶواه ٵڂڈ ٣ ٽڀ األكة ڇاٹنڇٯ ڇٹ وػ اٹڂٲ خ )ط( أٵضو ځؤر ثضالس أ ئٺخ چټ do, does, did ڇاالعبثخ اٹ ٦ بك خ ٥ ڂچټ صټ االعبثخ اٹز چب رؤٵ ل (H.K.): االعبثخ ا ز ف ١ ب رأو ١ ذ االعبثخ ا ؿبد ٠ خ ا غؤاي [Meena] Do you like it? Yes, I like it Yes, I do like it (Yes, I do. Does he like it? Yes, he likes it (H.K.) ) Yes, he does like it - 59 -
Did they like it? Yes, they liked it Yes, they did like it - 60 -
Level 6 [Meena] (H.K.) األعئ خ Questions ٹ ٦ پٸ أ ئٺخ : )1 ځ زقلٻ األ ٦ بٷ be, have, do ڇځ زقلٻ ٵض و ٽڀ اٷٵٺپبد ڇڅ : ڇڅنا وؽڂبڃ. ضبي [Meena] ؿ ب ب ا ى خ 1) Why ٹپبما Why did you do this? 2) How ٵ How can this be? 3) Who (H.K.) ٽڀ ٹٺ ٦ بٱٸ Who are you? 4) What ٽبما ٹ و اٹ ٦ بٱٸ What is this? 5) Where أ ڀ ٹٺپٶبٿ Where is my book? 6) When ٽزى ٹٺيٽبٿ When is he coming? 7) Whose ٹپڀ څنا Whose pen is this? 8) Whom [Meena] to? Whom did you give it ٹپڀ ٹٺ ٤ اٱٸ اٹپٮ ٦ ڈٷ 9) How much ٵټ ٹأل بء اٹزى ال ر ٦ ل How much does it cost? )2-61 -
10) How many ٵټ ٹأل بء اٹز ر ٦ ل How many pens do we have? 11) How long ٵټ ٽڀ اٹڈٱذ How long will it take to do it? 12) Can څٸ أٱله Can I lift this up? 13) May څٸ ٽپٶڀ May I go out? (H.K.) 14) Should څٸ ٽڀ اٹپٮوڇ Should we wait for him? ڇاالعبثبد زٶڈٿ ٵب ر )ثڂٮ رور ت األ ئٺخ( : 1) We did this to save his life (because we had to) 2) That is what happened. 3) I'm Medhat, the manager. 4) This is the report. (H.K.) 5) It is on the desk. 6) He is coming next Friday. 7) It is yours (It is your pen). 8) I gave it to her. 9) It costs three dollars. 10) We have seven pens. 11) It takes two days to be done. 12) Yes, you can if you are strong enough. / No, you can't. 13) Yes, you may if you have finished your homework. / No, you may not 14) Yes, I think we better wait for him. / No, I think we better go. H.W. [ 1] Answer the following questions: 1) How many books does she have? 2) What time is it now? 3) Whom are you talking about? - 62 -
4) What is in your hand? 5) Where are the bags? [2] In your h.w. copy book, write 14 questions, using each question word in each one of them and answer them with every possible answer. (H.K.) ٵوا خ اٹڈاعت اٵزت 14 ئاٷ ٽ زقلٽب ٵٸ ٵٺپخ اٹغلڇٷ ئاٷ ٽقزٺ ڇعبڇة ٥ ٺ چټ ثٶٸ اعبثخ ٽپٶڂخ. ؾال بد ا لف [Meena] Punctuation - 63 - )1 ڇځؤفن ٽ ٦ چب اٷ capitalization اٹٶٺپبد ڇاٹؾبالد اٹز ځ زقلٻ چب اٷ : capitals أي ٽزى ځ ز ٦ پٸ capital letters ڇٽڀ أڅټ ٵٸ أ بٻ اال جڈ ٣ ڇٵٸ اٹ چڈه ڇٵٸ األ ٥ بك ڇٵٸ ا پبء األ قب ڇٵٸ اٹلڇٷ ڇاٹغڂ بد صټ كا پب ٵٸ أڇٷ ؽو اٹٮٲوح ڇ اٹغپٺخ اٹغل لح ث ٦ ل اٹڂٲ خ stop) (Full ڇ ثلا خ اٹٶالٻ اٹني ث ڀ أٱڈا وح. صټ --- ا پبء اٹ ڈاه ٣ ڇاٹٮڂبكٯ ڇاٹڂڈاكي ڇاٹچ ئبد ڇاٹغبٽ ٦ بد ڇاألٹٲبة ڇاٹورت اما مٵود ٽ ٤ ا ټ بؽجچب أڇ ٽ ٤ اٹپ پى ٽضٸ : The Sheraton Hotel / but / we went to the hotel --- صټ اٹ ٦ ڂبڇ ڀ أي ٵٺپخ أٵضو ٽڀ 3 ؽوڇ ٶڈٿ أڇٷ ؽو چب ألڇٷ ٵٺپخ ٽضٸ capital."the Plural of Nouns" ثبال ب خ
2( ا فق خ ) ( [Comma] ڇرڈ ٤ أ ب ب ٹزٮ ٸ ث ڀ ٵٺپبد أڇ عپٸ ٱ وح ٽزڈا ٲخ أڇ ٽز ٺ ٺخ أڇ ٺچب ؽو ٥ ٽضٸ I bought bread, milk, honey and grapes. (H.K.) If you are right, I'm wrong. [Meena] )3 ا مطخ.( ) Period] [Full stop, or, ڇر ز ٦ پٸ أ ب ب ځچب خ اٹغپٸ أڇ ٥ ڂل اځزچبء ٽ ٦ ڂى ٽ ٦ ڀ ڇ ر ز ٦ پٸ أ ب ٽ ٤ اٷ initials )أي أڇٷ ؽو ٽڀ ا ټ أڇ ث ٦ اٹٶٺپبد األفوډ( ڇاٷ abbreviations ٽضٸ : association. The Y.M.C.A. is a good )4 ؾال خ االعزف ب ) ) mark] [Question mark, or, Interrogation ڇر زقلٻ ث ٦ ل األ ئٺخ. 5( ا ذاء ا زؿغت )! ) mark] [Exclamation ڇر زقلٻ ؽبٹخ اٹڂلاء أڇ اٹز ٦ غت ڇڅ ؽبٹخ اٹز ٦ غت رغ ٦ ٺڂب ځپ ي اٹپٲ ڈك ٽڀ اٹٶالٻ ٥ ڂڄ األ ئٺخ الٿ خ اٹٶالٻ رٶڈٿ أ ال ج چخ ثبأل ئٺخ ٽضٸ What a beautiful watch! )6 ل عب (( )) Parantheses] [Brackets, or, ڇ زقلٽبٿ ٹزؾل ل أڇ ؽ و اٹٶالٻ اٹپٲ ڈك. 7( ا مطزب ): ) Colon] [The ڇ ڈ ٦ بٿ ٱجٸ وك ٹٲبئپخ ٽ ٦ ڂخ أڇ ٱجٸ وػ أڇ ٱجٸ ا ٥ بء أٽضٺخ ٹزڈ ؼ ئ. H.W. In your h.w. copy book, write a paragraph of at least 3 lines using all possible punctuation. ٵوا اٹڈاعت اٵزت ٲوح ٽڀ 3 ڈه أڇ أٵضو ٽ زقلٽب ٵٸ ٥ الٽبد ڇٱ ٽپٶڂخ. - 64 -
The Apostrophe ؾال خ ا ى ١ خ الع بء أي ا زقلاٻ ٥ الٽخ اٷ apostrophe ٹپٺٶ خ ئ ٹ ق أڇ ا قب ٽضٸ the boy's book أي "ٵزبة اٹڈٹل". [Meena] ٽضٸ girls' the apostrophe ث ٦ ل اٷ s ځ ٤ ٥ الٽخ اٷ s ؽبٹخ اٹغپ ٤ اٹني آفوڃ food أي "أٵٸ اٹجڂبد". ؽئ ه ؽخق ١ أڇ أٵزو ٽ ٤ ث ٦ ځ ٤ اٹ ٦ الٽخ ٽوح ڇاؽلح ا فو ٽضٸ --- ؾذح أؽخبؿ ځ ٤ أٽب غ ؾخ أؽ ١ بء زؾبث خ ه. Mary and Magdy's car اٹ ٦ الٽخ ث ٦ ل ٵٸ ڇاؽل ٽضٸ. Mary's and Magdy's cars ٽضٸ : of ثٸ ځ زقلٻ ڇٹٶڀ ؽئ ربثؽ ؾئ ال ځ زقلٻ ٥ الٽخ اٷ apostrophe --- ڇٹٶڀ څڂبٳ ا زضڂبءاد ٱٺ ٺخ ٽضٸ : أي هعٸ اٹٶو the leg of the chair (a) Some places. (b) some expressions of time, take 's ex : (a) Egypt's largest city is Cairo. / The city's old cinema was renewed last month. (b) A night's rest. / Three hour's travel. / a week's vacation. - 65 -
N.B.: With some common nouns like "class, school, farm.. ", we don't use 's nor "of" (H.K.) [Meena] ex : The class teacher / A farm girl. --- ڇ ڈعل أ ب ا زقلاٽبد أفوډ ٹ ٦ الٽخ اٷ ٩ و apostrophe اٹپٺٶ خ ڇمٹٴ ٽضٸ ا زقلاٽچب افز بهاد verb be ٽ ٤ اٷ pronouns )څنڃ اٹقز بهاد ر پى ثبالځغٺ يي. I am افز به I'm ڇمٹٴ ٽضٸ ) contractions H.W. روعټ اٹ االځغٺ ي خ : 1( څنڃ ٵزت ٽو ټ 2( څنا ث ذ مٵ ڇٽڂى 3( هعٸ اٹزواث يح ؽشف اي اٹپ به ٣-66 - S آفو ؽو چب طم ف ؽبالد : أ( اٹغپ ٤. plural. third singular ط( ڇ خ اٹپٺٶ خ apostrophe P T K F H S ٽضٸ : ة( أ( cats ٵبر )ٱ (. ڇاٹپٮوك اٹ بئت ٹٸ ٦ ٸ : ر طك ط ٽ ٤ اٹٶٺپبد اٹز he ة( works څ ڇڇهٵ )څڈ ٦ پٸ(.. ط( Medhat's book ٽلؽز ثڈڇٳ ر طك ص ٽ ٤ أي ٵٺپخ رڂزچ ثؤي ؽو ٩ و اٹؾوڇ اٹ بثٲخ ٽضٸ ة( he says څ يي )څڈ ٲڈٷ(. : )ٵزبة ٽلؽذ ) أ( beds ثلى ) وا و(. ط( Magdy's pen ٽبعل ي ثڀ )ٱٺټ ٽغلي(.